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Was governor Arthur Phillip a hard man?
Governor Arthur Phillip had to be hard to a certain degree, in order to maintain order in the convict colony. However, he was a fair and just man, who did not deal out punishment unnecessarily, and he was as compassionate as he could be to the people under his care. Fewer convicts were lost on the First Fleet under Phillip than were lost on the second and third fleets.
How many times did the convicts on the first fleet get whipped?
Not at all. Captain Arthur Phillip was a very fair man, and he treated the convicts well, knowing how valuable they would be to the establishment of the new colony. Even when convict John Powers planned a mutiny, with the help of four seamen, it was the seamen who were flogged while Powers himself was removed to another ship and chained to the deck.
Was Captain Arthur Philip good to the convicts on the First Fleet?
Yes, he was. The convicts were treated better on the First Fleet's ships than on the second and third fleets. Captain Arthur Phillip was fair and just, and he had a genuine desire to reform the convicts. Although he was compelled to treat the convicts as the prisoners they were, he tried (with very limited resources) to keep them as healthy as possible. Thanks to Captain Arthur Phillip, the convicts on the First Fleet were treated surprisingly well. Phillip was, in fact, harsher in his discipline with the marines and sailors than he was with the convicts. He was concerned at all times for their health, trying to give them sufficient rations of food and water, and allowing them above decks for some exercise and fresh air as often as was possible. He avoided them coming above decks when the ships hit the rainstorms and wild weather once they crossed the equator, because he knew they had no linens or blankets to dry themselves, and he wanted to limit illness among the convicts. Rations were not too limited, but sickness was rife, particularly cholera, fever, scurvy and dysentery. The convicts had a bucket of fresh water for drinking and washing and a bucket for their waste, and the convicts themselves had to empty the waste. Convicts were not punished unnecessarily, but only if they did something that threatened the other passengers or the marines. Unfortunately, Phillip (who had quite high morals) could not be on all the ships at the same time, and the marines had a tendency to use the convict women for their own purposes. The women were subject to be used promiscuously by the sailors, but in many cases they were quite willing to sell themselves for a bit of extra food.
How did convicts survive?
The convicts were treated quite well on the First Fleet's ships. Captain Arthur Phillip was fair and just, and he had a genuine desire to reform the convicts. Although he was compelled to treat the convicts as the prisoners they were, he tried (with very limited resources) to keep them as healthy as possible. Thanks to Captain Arthur Phillip, the convicts on the First Fleet were treated surprisingly well. Phillip was, in fact, harsher in his discipline with the marines and sailors than he was with the convicts. He was concerned at all times for their health, trying to give them sufficient rations of food and water, and allowing them above decks for some exercise and fresh air as often as was possible. He avoided them coming above decks when the ships hit the rainstorms and wild weather once they crossed the equator, because he knew they had no linens or blankets to dry themselves, and he wanted to limit illness among the convicts. Rations were not too limited, but sickness was rife, particularly cholera, fever, scurvy and dysentery. The convicts had a bucket of fresh water for drinking and washing and a bucket for their waste, and the convicts themselves had to empty the waste. Convicts were not punished unnecessarily, but only if they did something that threatened the other passengers or the marines. Unfortunately, Phillip (who had quite high morals) could not be on all the ships at the same time, and the marines had a tendency to use the convict women for their own purposes. The women were subject to be used promiscuously by the sailors, but in many cases they were quite willing to sell themselves for a bit of extra food.
How were convicts treated on ships?
The convicts were treated better on the First Fleet's ships than on the second and third fleets. Captain Arthur Phillip was fair and just, and he had a genuine desire to reform the convicts. Although he was compelled to treat the convicts as the prisoners they were, he tried (with very limited resources) to keep them as healthy as possible.Thanks to Captain Arthur Phillip, the convicts on the First Fleet were treated surprisingly well. Phillip was, in fact, harsher in his discipline with the marines and sailors than he was with the convicts. He was concerned at all times for their health, trying to give them sufficient rations of food and water, and allowing them above decks for some exercise and fresh air as often as was possible. He avoided them coming above decks when the ships hit the rainstorms and wild weather once they crossed the equator, because he knew they had no linens or blankets to dry themselves, and he wanted to limit illness among the convicts.Rations were not too limited, but sickness was rife, particularly cholera, fever, scurvy and dysentery. The convicts had a bucket of fresh water for drinking and washing and a bucket for their waste, and the convicts themselves had to empty the waste.Convicts were not punished unnecessarily, but only if they did something that threatened the other passengers or the marines. Unfortunately, Phillip (who had quite high morals) could not be on all the ships at the same time, and the marines had a tendency to use the convict women for their own purposes. The women were subject to be used promiscuously by the sailors, but in many cases they were quite willing to sell themselves for a bit of extra food.However, the Second Fleet was not under British authority: it was contracted out to a private company, one which was involved in the transportation of slaves to America. Many convicts died on the Second Fleet due to illness, malnourishment and mistreatment. The convicts who lived arrived in an appalling condition, unfit for any work. It was not until the government resumed direct authority for transportation that convicts were treated better.
What type of conditions did the people on the First Fleet endure?
The convicts on the First Fleet had quite harsh conditions to endure. The convicts spent most of their time below decks, with a bucket for water and a bucket for waste, although they were also permitted up on the deck to dispose of waste. Conditions were very unsanitary, and dysentery and cholera were common, though less common than on subsequent fleets. The convicts shared ship space with rats. They were given small rations of basic flour and salted meat. Occasionally they were permitted to walk around the decks for exercise. Women were often used by the marines for their "entertainment". Many of these women willingly traded their services for extra rations. The officers and marines had it far better, being given decent rations and living quarters. However, when food was readily available, Phillip saw to it that the convicts received sufficient food, because he certainly wanted them to be healthy enough to stand up to the rigours of building a new colony. Punishments were, surprisingly, not so harsh. Governor Arthur Phillip was a fair and just man, and he often protected the convicts from the officers, inflicting harsher punishments on his own men who did the wrong thing than upon the convicts themselves.
What was the journey for the convicts on the first fleet like?
Prior to boarding the First Fleet, the convicts were stripped of everything they had. They could not even take a spare set of clothes with them. many of them had not seen their families for many months, as they had been aboard the ships for some time before the fleet actually sailed.The convicts felt confused, disoriented and bewildered: they were travelling thousands and thousands of miles from their homes. They were afraid: uncertainty for their future lay ahead, and many of them didn't even know where New South Wales was.The health of the First Fleet convicts was surprisingly good, and better than subsequent fleets. The convicts were treated better on the First Fleet's ships than on the second and third fleets. Captain Arthur Phillip was fair and just, and he had a genuine desire to reform the convicts. Although he was compelled to treat the convicts as the prisoners they were, he tried (with very limited resources) to keep them as healthy as possible. Captain Arthur Phillip considered the needs of the convicts, ensuring that there was sufficient lime juice to help prevent scurvy. Phillip did not condone violence towards or abuse of the convicts. The First Fleet had the best record of all the other fleets for health and treatment of the convicts.Nonetheless, the convicts experienced considerable seasickness, especially when the fleet sailed through turbulent seas and encountered stormy weather on the last leg from Cape Town to New South Wales. Captain Phillip avoided having the convicts come above decks when the ships hit the rainstorms and wild weather once they crossed the equator, because he knew they had no linens or blankets to dry themselves, and he wanted to limit illness among the convicts. The convicts were kept below decks for most of the journey, but permitted above deck on occasion in order to get fresh air and exercise. Rations were not too limited, but sickness was rife, particularly cholera, fever, scurvy and dysentery. The convicts had a bucket of fresh water for drinking and washing and a bucket for their waste, and the convicts themselves had to empty the waste.The women were often violated: they were used and abused by the male soldiers who were keen for a bit of entertainment. While the women were subject to be used promiscuously by the sailors, in many cases they were quite willing to sell themselves for a bit of extra food.
Why was the Bigge Report critical of Macquarie?
The Bigge Report, presented in 1818, was critical of Governor Lachlan Macquarie regarding his treatment of convicts. Macquarie was a fair-minded leader, who recognised that the convicts could contribute a great deal to the development of the colony. He encouraged the convicts and emancipists (freed convicts), and he was a progressive governor who strongly supported exploration and expansion into new areas. Macquarie was the first to introduce a building code. With his military training and vision for organisation and discipline, Macquarie was an ideal candidate to restore order to the colony, following the Rum Rebellion against deposed Governor William Bligh. Bigge, on the other hand, felt that the convicts should be treater with stricter discipline and harsher punishment, and that the emancipists should be held in greater account. Bigge criticised Macquarie for his spending on public works and for his attempts to create an orderly colony out of the haphazard settlement that Sydney had grown into. Bigge felt that more monies should be returned directly into the economy of Sydney itself, rather than expansion beyond its confines. Macquarie resigned his commission and returned to England to defend himself against Bigge's claims.
How were the convicts treated on the first fleet's ships?
The convicts of the First Fleet had to contend with all the problems of establishing a settlement in a foreign and hostile land. British farming methods, seeds and implements were unsuitable for use in the different climate and soil, so farms were very slow to be established. Much of the seed had rotted or been eaten by rats on the journey over, or the seeds were just unsuitable for the tough Australian soil. The implements and tools could not stand up to the tougher treatment and conditions of the Australian soil and climate. The colony faced near-starvation in its first two years, and was finally saved by the success of a barley crop. lems for the british gaols. There was also a great deal of miscommunication with the local indigenous people. Aborigines had no concept of "ownership" as they were a generous people who were willing to share, so they saw nothing wrong with killing the settlement's livestock to use for their own food. The Europeans retaliated, often carrying out revenge killings. This only increased the hostility between the races.
Who made or invented fair use?
Fair use is based on a 1740 decision in Gyles vs Wilcox which defined a notion of "fair abridgment." The opinion was written by Phillip Yorke, the first Earl of Hardwicke.
How is the nickname Fair Gwen of Air connected to the legend of King Arthur?
Freak is interested in King Arthur, knights and such, and his mother's name is Guinevere. When he refers to her as Fair Guinevere, Max hears it as "Gwen of Air."
How should the governor treat people of the province?
they should be treated fair and good.
