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They stayed in the hills around the Plain of Marathon where the Persian cavalry couldn't get at them, waiting for reinforcements from Sparta.
They did go out to Marathon but lurked in the hills to avoid the Persian cavalry. They were awaiting the arrival of the Spartan army to help them. However when they saw the Persian cavalry being embarked on ships they took the opportunity and ran down and defeated the inferior unarmoured Persian infantry caught without the protection of their cavalry. After defeating the Persian infantry, the Athenian infantry realised the Persian cavalry was being shipped around the coast to Athens to take the city in their absence, with traitors to open the city gates to let them in. The 9,000 Athenoan infantry ran back the 26 miles to Athens carrying their weapons and armour, and arrived to form up in front of their city as the Persian cavalry was being disembarked. The Persians gave up and went home. This run by the Athenian army is celebrated today in the marathon race. Today's runners get it easy, not having to run in sandals carrying weapons and armour. Much tougher lot in those days, and of course they had the incentive of saving their homes and families.
They did not want to be captured and put under control again of the Athenian tyrant they had expelled 20 years earlier.
They did - they provided the second strongest Greek contingent at the battle of Plataea, and after the Persian invasion was repelled, took over leadership for the next 30 years until the Persians agreed to peace.
They were in the middle of a religious festival but undertook to come in a couple of days when it was over. They then set off at a fast pace, but before they arrived the battle was fought. They marched up to Marathon, viewed the battlefield, congratulated the Athenians and went home.
They stayed in the hills around the Plain of Marathon where the Persian cavalry couldn't get at them, waiting for reinforcements from Sparta.
They lurked in the hills around the Plain of Marathon, waiting on reinforcements from Sparta.
Marathon was fought to keep the Persians from invading Athens.
Spartans did not fight at the Battle of Marathon. The fight was solely between the Persians, and the Athenians and Plataeans.
Athenians
The Persians fought against the citizens of Athens who were aided by those of Plataea.
They did go out to Marathon but lurked in the hills to avoid the Persian cavalry. They were awaiting the arrival of the Spartan army to help them. However when they saw the Persian cavalry being embarked on ships they took the opportunity and ran down and defeated the inferior unarmoured Persian infantry caught without the protection of their cavalry. After defeating the Persian infantry, the Athenian infantry realised the Persian cavalry was being shipped around the coast to Athens to take the city in their absence, with traitors to open the city gates to let them in. The 9,000 Athenoan infantry ran back the 26 miles to Athens carrying their weapons and armour, and arrived to form up in front of their city as the Persian cavalry was being disembarked. The Persians gave up and went home. This run by the Athenian army is celebrated today in the marathon race. Today's runners get it easy, not having to run in sandals carrying weapons and armour. Much tougher lot in those days, and of course they had the incentive of saving their homes and families.
The Persian expeditionary force, having taken its first objective Eritrea, attacked Athens which was supported by its ally Plataia. Sparta had been asked to help but arrived too late to participate in the battle.
It was not the Greeks, it was the Greek city-state of Athens with its allty Plataia. As their infantry army could not face the Persian cavalry, they waited in the hills until they saw the cavalry being embarked on ships and departing. They ran down to the plain and defeated the infrior Persian infantry. Realising then where the Persian cavalry was going - to land near Athens and gallop up to the city where traitors would open the gates for them with the Athenian army at Marathon - they ran back over the hills in time to form up in front of the city just as the cavalry disembarked. Frustrated, the Persians reembarked and went home. The 26 miles the Athenian warriors ran became the basis for today's Marathon run. The Athenian soldiers did it much tougher, having to carry their weapons and armour as well.
They were defending their city from an attempt by Persia to instal an expelled Athenian tyrant to rule them.
On the Athenian side, about 10,00 heavy infantry and 10,000 light infantry. On the Persian side, about 25,000 infantry. Their cavalry did not fight as it was loaded onto ships to capture Athens in the absence of the Athenian army.
They did not want to be captured and put under control again of the Athenian tyrant they had expelled 20 years earlier.