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The first convicts to Australia were entirely from Great Britain but this does not mean they were solely of British descent.

Some of the earliest convicts to Australia had come to Great Britain as slaves, and hd committed a crime for which they had been caught. The crime may have been committed while they were still working for their master, or it was committed after they ran away. Australia's first bushranger, John 'Black' Caesar was one such example. He arrived in Australia with the First Fleet after being transported for stealing in London, after escaping from slavery. 'Black' Caesar had been captured at Madagascar and forced into slavery.

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