Benedict visited Great Britain in September of 2010.
Pope John Paul II visited in 1982. Pope Benedict XVI visited England in September of 2010.
The first reigning pope to visit the U.S. was Pope Paul VI in 1965. Pope Pius XII did visit before he was elected as pope, however.
Yes, if the pope has any surviving family members, they are able to visit him. Pope Benedict's brother would occasionally visit.
No
A "Papal" visit is a visit by the Pope.
Today one can travel almost anywhere in the world in a few hours. In earlier days a trip to Britain would have taken weeks or even months. There were a few hundred years when Britain persecuted Catholics so the pope would not have been very welcome. It was not until Pope Paul VI began making trips in the 1960s that the pope shook off the image as being a 'prisoner in the Vatican.'
Yes, President Obama did visit with Pope Francis in 2014.
Pope Paul VI
Pope Paul VI was the first pope to ever visit Australia. He visited Sydney in 1970.
No. Only one Pope has ever made an official visit to Ireland. That was Pope John Paul II in September 1979.
The current (2011) pope is Pope Benedict XVI.