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The 1880 census had taken 7 years to complete and the 1890 census was estimated to take 13 years to complete. This was unacceptable, as a census must be done every 10 years as required by the constitution. A means of automating data analysis was needed to reduce the time to complete the census. The punchcard and a card reader connected to a tabulator/counter and a sorter provided this automation. Punchcards could be punched with the data from census forms. A tabulator/counter could count 40 values from the card simultaneously while one lid on the sorter popped up to tell the operator where to put it. Punchcards from the various sorter bins were sent to other tabulator/counter & sorter machines for further processing. Using this new system the basic census results required by the constitution were completed in months instead of years.

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Who developed the first punch card system in 1887?

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