"They", the College of Cardinals, elected Pope Benedict XVI in a secret conclave under the guidance of the Holy Spirit. What transpires in a conclave is secret and no cardinal may reveal what happens.
No, the pope can not make a new sacrament.
Pope Benedict XVI is the 265th pope.
The pope does not make secret Masonic signs.
First of all the pope didn't make Christ a "god." Christ is THE God, not A god. The pope had nothing to do with Christ being God. So the shortest answer possible is: He hasn't.
All cardinals under the age of 80 years make up the electorate that chooses a new pope.
No
Pope Urban announced his speech at the council of Clermont in 1095
He makes the same as when he was pope - nothing. However, his needs are taken care of by the Church.
Martin Luther stated he would only reconcile with the Pope if the Pope accepted his 95 Theses in their entirety. On meeting with the Pope, the Pope accepted only a fraction of them which caused Martin Luther to break with the Communion of Rome.
Yes the pope has the necessary anatomy to 'make love' but has taken a vow of chastity so does not take part in sexual relations.
Bernadette was canonized on December 8, 1933, by Pope Pius XI.
Charlemagne was crowned as Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Leo III on December 25, 800.