A black hole will "such things up" if such things get sufficiently close to the black hole. This is a result of its gravity. Similarly, our Sun will "suck things up" if they get too close - for example, a comet might crash onto the Sun; the comet's mass will increase the mass of the Sun.
Please note that if, for example, our Sun becomes a black hole (it probably won't, since it doesn't have enough mass for that), without changing its mass in the process, the Earth will continue orbiting the black hole as it orbited the Sun before. It will NOT be "sucked up" in the process - the black hole's gravitational attraction would be the same as the Sun's attraction before becoming a black hole.
yes
Yes, all black holes 'suck stuff up'.
Black holes. They can be so large that they can suck up universes at a time
Yes.
There are hypotheses about so called 'virtual particles' that may travel faster than speed of light, and hence are not sucked up by Black Holes. Also, Black Holes cannot suck another bigger Black Hole, when they meet a bigger one, they get sucked up rather.
Absolutely anything and everything. They may even suck up time(!!!!!), but no one knows for sure.
White holes are theoretical regions of spacetime that expel matter and energy outward, the opposite of black holes which pull matter in. They do not suck up objects like black holes do. However, there is no observational evidence for the existence of white holes in the universe.
A black hole will attract you through its gravity - just like any other object will.
Black holes do not emit light, so black holes can not be seen this way. But black holes emit X-rays, but stars are not hot enough to emit X-rays. When black holes suck up stars, energy goes to the black hole, and come out as X-rays.
Yes, even light. Nothing can escape them after passing the point of no return.
A black hole will "suck things up" for the same reason that the Sun, or Jupiter, or Earth, "suck things up", although I would prefer the term "attracts things gravitationally". All those objects attract things thanks to their gravitational attraction - this, in turn, is related to its mass, i.e., more massive objects have a larger gravitational attraction.
It is known what will happen. You will get sucked up! But before you get sucked up, Black Holes give flicker of black hot gas. Black Holes have so much power that they can't control it. So that's why they suck up everything in their path. Fun Fact: Black Holes are actually stars that died and contain so much power!!