They don't.
The attractive force between two objects is due to gravity. Black holes behave exactly like any other mass in this respect.
White holes are theoretical regions of spacetime that expel matter and energy outward, the opposite of black holes which pull matter in. They do not suck up objects like black holes do. However, there is no observational evidence for the existence of white holes in the universe.
Black holes. They can be so large that they can suck up universes at a time
yes
Black holes do not "suck in" large objects; black holes "suck in" only dust and plasma. This is because by the time a large object gets anywhere near the event horizon of a black hole, the tidal forces caused by the gravity of the black hole has already pulverized whatever mass the object had. The gravitational force of a black hole's singularity is almost impossible to comprehend. It may not be strong enough to tear apart the nuclear forces of an atom. but it is certainly powerful enough to rip any two atoms apart, no matter how tight the chemical bonds might be.
The best answer to your question is that black holes are super massive. Massive objects have high gravitational pull which means that they will pull objects, including sunlight, into the black hole if something enters the black hole's event horizon.As opposed to common lore, black holes are not giant "vacuum cleaners" which roams around the universe destroying everything it comes near. Most galaxies are believed to harbor massive black holes and the stars in the galaxy are typically orbiting the the black holes instead of falling into them. In some cases, galaxies are disturbed(for example if two galaxies collide), and some solar systems may be pushed into the path of the black holes which will then "suck them in".
Yes, all black holes 'suck stuff up'.
Yes
yes but not likely
Yes.
A black hole could potentially disrupt the orbits of objects in the Oort Cloud through its gravitational pull, but it is unlikely to "suck in" the entire cloud. The vast distance of the Oort Cloud from any known black holes reduces the probability of such an event occurring.
Unlikely. The universe is a very big place, even next to the largest black holes we know. For a black hole to suck in the entire Universe, it would need to be nearly as massive as the universe itself. There is no way that such a black hole could form.
Perhaps the most common myth about black holes is that they magically suck things toward it. This is only true to an extent; black holes affect surrounding objects just like a regular chunk of matter does. For example, if the sun were to be replaced by a black hole of the same mass, all the planets will continue to revolve around it like nothing has happened.