Well it's because sometimes the element has an old name which it uses as an element symbol
The symbols for elements have either one or two letters. If there are two letters, the first one is capitalized and the second one is not.
some elements do not use their first letters of their English names as their symbols. The symbols for these elements may come from the names of the elements in a different language.
Not all elements can be identified by a single letter. For example, Carbon (C) and Chlorine (Cl) both start with a "C" and have "C"'s in their symbols. Another letter had to be added to distinguish the two. Also, the Periodic Table has over 100 elements and there would not be enough letters to cover them all if they were only single letters.
most of these use the letters from the Latin name. in fact most element symbols come from Latin words not English, even when the letters are the same.
The chemical symbols are approved by IUPAC; symbols are derived from the name of the chemical element in Latin, frequently the first two letters.
Elements are give symbols consisting of letters, and these are related to the names of the elements (in some language at some date). There are 26 letters in many alphabets, but more than four times that number of elements. So it is necessary to use some mechanism to distinguish among elements with names that start with the same letter. Adding numbers is done to designate the number of atoms in a compound, the isotope, and so on. The best solutions is to use pairs of letters for most elements.
atomic symbols. such as hydrogen: H, Helium: He, etc.
In the periodic table, elements' names are written with a capital letter for the first letter only, like Oxygen (O) or Gold (Au). When chemical symbols are used, those symbols are capitalized.
The symbols of elements are derived from their names in various ways, often using the first letter or first two letters of the element's name, in a standardized manner based on the element's English or Latin name. For example, the symbol for sodium is Na, derived from the Latin name "natrium." You can find the symbols of elements on the periodic table of elements.
These symbols for chemical elements are derived from their names in Latin. "Cal" represents calcium and "Si" represents silicon. The symbols are typically chosen based on the first one or two letters of the element's name in Latin.
The letters that identify elements , are called Symbols.
Carbon (C) Hydrogen (H) Iron (Fe)