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Astronomers believe the globular clusters are made of old stars because of the lack of heavy elements. The heavy element is very abundant in stars like our sun, so the theory is the globular cluster must be older and formed in a more primitive universe.
Heavy elements.
Super Heavy Elements
A heavy ion is the nucleus of a heavy atom. Heavy atoms are those of elements with atomic weights around that of cobalt or greater.
"Binding energy." Absorption of neutrons by heavy elements, and fission of those heavy elements into lighter "fragments". The "lighter fragements" have a greater net binding energy than the heavier elements did.
Jupiter contains the fewest heavy elements. Unlike other planets, Jupiter is a gas planet, and contains mostly light elements.
Astronomers believe the globular clusters are made of old stars because of the lack of heavy elements. The heavy element is very abundant in stars like our sun, so the theory is the globular cluster must be older and formed in a more primitive universe.
Heavy elements were formed in stars, and blown out into space in supernova explosions.
Elements are the same size regardless of how they are synthesized. It is true, however, that small stars create fewer elements, and that the elements they create are lighter. A normal G-type star can, during the course of its evolution along the Main Sequence, produce elements up to iron. For elements heavier than that, larger stars are required; when they go nova, they can produce elements as heavy as uranium and beyond.
The first stars to form after the "Big Bang" were made just of Hydrogen and Helium. They were very large and died young, exploding to leave a little metal (heavier elements) in the universe - these stars are called "Population III" stars.The next stars to form incorporated a little metal from the older stars (but are still very low in heavy elements) and are called "Population II" stars. Stars in globular clusters are this sort of star (globular clusters are old and have not produced new stars for a long time). We can tell this form their metallicity and the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram for Globular clusters.Most stars contain a lot of heavy elements (high metallicity) and are quite young (like our Sun). These are called "Population I" stars.
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Heavy elements.
Super Heavy Elements
Sulfur: The periodic column containing elements with two fewer electrons than the noble gases is column 16, in which oxygen, the lightest element, has a mass number of 16. Sulfur, the next element in this column, has a mass number of 32.
A heavy ion is the nucleus of a heavy atom. Heavy atoms are those of elements with atomic weights around that of cobalt or greater.
Osmium is one of the heaviest elements known; it is twice as heavy as lead and 22 times as heavy as water
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