k
Protectionism refers to economic policies that governments implement to restrict imports and promote domestic industries. This can include tariffs, quotas, and subsidies aimed at shielding local businesses from foreign competition. Governments often adopt protectionist policies to protect jobs, support nascent industries, safeguard national security, and improve trade balances. Additionally, these measures can be used to respond to unfair trade practices by other countries.
A "golden straitjacket" is a metaphor coined by Thomas Friedman in his book "The Lexus and the Olive Tree" to describe the constraints imposed by globalization on national economies and governments. It refers to the idea that countries must adopt free-market policies and practices to succeed in a globalized world, which can limit their ability to pursue independent economic strategies. While these policies may lead to economic growth and integration, they can also restrict national sovereignty and social welfare options. Ultimately, nations are "strapped in" by the necessity to conform to global economic standards.
One of the advantage for federalism in the USA is that state governments can adopt their own policies whereas the disadvantage is that politicians could get involved in corruption or any other scandals.
Most countries adopted forms of Representative Democracies, or Republics.
Mehmed II
Western democracies desperately wanted to avoid war, and therefore adopted a policy of appeasement toward Hitler prior to WW II.
) adopt some of the third-parties' policies
Answer this question… It has encouraged many governments to adopt democratic reforms.
Government control in the marketplace can be weakened by factors such as deregulation, which reduces the rules and restrictions imposed on businesses, allowing for greater competition and innovation. Additionally, the rise of digital platforms and global trade can create alternative markets that operate outside of government oversight. Economic crises can also lead to changes in policy, as governments may prioritize recovery over regulation. Lastly, public opinion and activism can pressure governments to adopt more market-friendly policies, further diminishing their control.
Gorbachev adopted the policies of glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) in the 1980s to reform the Soviet system, address economic stagnation, improve transparency, and increase political freedoms. He sought to modernize the USSR and create a more efficient and responsive government.
Laissez-faire
Continental Congress