the bottom line is that when smoke gets into the detector, it's electrical current is interrupted, causing the alarm to sound (which im guessing you already knew) I'm not totally sure why the radioactive element (americium-241) has to be in there, but what I DO know (contrary to what the previous poster put) is that the alpha rays produced by the radioactive element are NOT strong enough to escape, and therfore pose NO harm whatsoever to people around it.
smoke detectors
a. Americium-241 Smoke detectors might have an ionizing chamber. If it does, the chamber holds a radioactive nuclide to ionize the particles in the smoke to set off the detector. Usually the radioactive source is americium.
Some smoke detectors contain californium. It a radioactive neutron emitter and is a man made element.
Americium 241
Americium (isotope 241) is the most common radioactive element used in smoke detectors.
It's usually americium-241. It undergoes alpha-decay with a half-life of about 400 years. Am-241 is artificially manufactured; it doesn't occur in nature.
It is radioactive. ------------------------------- Incorrect answer: americium-241, the usual isotope in smoke detectors is more radioactive.
many smoke detectors contain:
Americium-241 this is an emitter of alpha radiation, which is used in smoke detectors as it is very ionising and will not be able to travel through smoke. Therefore, in a fire the detector will not receive any alpha radiation and hence the alarm will go off.
no. The most commonly used radioactive material is Americium
Americium-241 is a radioactive isotope commonly found in smoke detectors.
many smoke detectors contain: