Why do navy ships sail in a group?

Answer 1

Naval vessels sail in groups for defensive, safety, and security purposes, to both prevent attack on the group as whole, and to protect large capital ships (e.g., carriers) from being singled out for attacks. This tactic is as old as vessels have sailed the oceans in groups.

Carrier groups sail with the Carrier as the primary command vessel in the center, with smaller escort vessels (Destroyers) providing screening from surface and submerged attacks, using both air (helicopter) and ship (Sonar) ASW techniques. . Cruisers handle both surface and land attacks, while Amphibious ships deal with any operations concerning Marines.

Escort vessels are lined up in such a way as to give the Carrier maximum protection from attack, as its aerial capability can help ensure a protective perimeter around the group for many miles. It has long been Naval doctrine that escort vessels are expendable if they can protect the Carrier from being successfully attacked, and that is their primary purpose in the group.

The only vessel that does not sail with the group is the escort Submarine; its mission is to sail ahead of the group, searching for any potential threats long before the group comes into range.

Safety wise, there is safety in numbers - if there were a successful attack or an accident (e.g., the USS Forrestal fire during Vietnam) concerning any ship in the group, the others would be able to either help defend the stricken vessel, and help its crew with medical and repair needs.

Modern military doctrine uses a method known as "Lessons Learned", where tactics (good and bad) from normal operations to any combat or special operations are reviewed to see what worked or didn't, why, and what changes must be made to ensure that the good lessons are implemented as policy, and bad tactics are discarded. In the past this has led to improved safety procedures, equipment, training, tactics, etc., and has been very effective. Most Veterans, myself included, constantly note the changes that are being made (though we don't often agree with them).

Answer 2

Navy ships often sail in a group, known as a fleet, in order to provide mutual support and protection. By sailing together, they can deter potential threats, respond collectively to emergencies or attacks, and combine their capabilities and resources for more effective operations. Additionally, sailing in a group enhances communication and coordination among the ships.