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Particles have both potential and 'kinetic' energy because the energy is a quaternion consisting of a scalar Es and a vector Ev, E = Es + Ev. The 'kinetic' energy is a vector energy mcV. Currently physics 'defines' energy as a scalar not a quaternion, thus 'kinetic' energy is also a scalar and not the vector its name denotes.

The idea of potential and kinetic energy implies the quaternion nature of energy, a scalar or potential energy and a vector or kinetic energy.

To update Newton's Gravitational Theory E = -mGM/r + mcV = -mu/r + mcV.

-mu/r is the potential or scalar or real energy and mcV is the vector or kinetic energy!

For Electric energy is the same E = -e2zc/2r + mcV.

The wave particle Theory is seen in E = hf + mcV = hc/r + mcV = Q2zc/r + mcV.

Physics needs to recognize that the universe is composed of quaternions and energy and other quantities are composed of a scalar or real number and three vector numbers ala William Rowan Hamilton. The same mis naming occurs in Torque = FxR is clearly a vector energy but is precluded from being energy because of the definition of energy as a scalar.

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Selina Corwin

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Q: Why do particles of objects have both kinetic and potential energy?
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