if you think you go in to orbit by the same way that if you throw a ball hard enough it'll fall as it gets past the horizon (this cannot happen of course) an that's how you get into orbit and if you're further away the gravity of the sun will be less sooo it will orbit slower. :)
Planets further from the sun have larger orbits, which means they have to travel a greater distance in their orbit. Since they are farther away, the gravitational force from the sun is weaker, causing them to move slower in their orbit. This combination of a greater distance to travel and slower speed results in longer orbital periods for these planets.
they have a greater distance to travel
In general, the planets that are farther from the Sun move slower, and take longer to go around the Sun. The quantitative relationship (i.e., exactly how much slower) is expressed by Kepler's Third Law.
Yes, distance does affect the rate of diffusion. Generally, the greater the distance, the slower the rate of diffusion because particles have to travel a longer distance to reach their destination. This means that it takes more time for molecules to move across a greater distance through a medium.
They move faster.
Their orbital velocity is much slower than the planets closer to the Sun. Their orbits can also be more eccentric.
Unfortunately there is no simple answer to that. The distance is constantly changing as the planets move in their orbits.
The reason for the slower movement of outer planets answers to the simple nature of the gravitational force, which varies with the inverse square of distance. For example, an object twice as distant would feel one quarter the gravitational pull. For a stable orbit, this would mean an outer planet would have to move more slowly. Meanwhile, the inner planets move more quickly, and Mercury, with an orbit closest to the sun, zips around it in only 88 days, compared to Naptune's 165 years.
The further the planet is from the sun, the weaker the gravitational pull. Outer planets even move through space much slower than inner planets due to this.
The square of the time period of revolution is directly proportional to the cube of the mean distance between the planet and its Sun. T2 α R3T = Time Period R = Length of the semi-major axis
Kepler's second law (law of equal areas) concludes that planets move faster when they are closer to the sun and slower when they are farther away, meaning they do not move at a constant speed as they orbit. This law helps explain the variation in orbital velocities of planets in their elliptical paths around the sun.
The reason for the slower movement of outer planets answers to the simple nature of the gravitational force, which varies with the inverse square of distance. For example, an object twice as distant would feel one quarter the gravitational pull. For a stable orbit, this would mean an outer planet would have to move more slowly. Meanwhile, the inner planets move more quickly, and Mercury, with an orbit closest to the sun, zips around it in only 88 days, compared to Naptune's 165 years.