The operate equally well in either direction - so why turn them.
The majority of trains in the 1940s were pulled by steam locomotives (some diesel locomotives had been introduced in the 1930s but they were not common on the mainlines). These were usually fueled with either coal or fuel oil. There were a few railroads using electric locomotives on specific sections of track (e.g. the Great Northern Railway over the Cascade Range in Washington state).
There are two major types of modern locomotives. Electric, and Diesel-Electric. Electric locomotives are very popular in some countries, and likewise for diesel-electric. Electric locomotives take in electricity via an overhead wire or a third rail that carries this electricity which is then in turn used to power electrical motors on the axles of the locomotive to move the train. Diesel-electric is identical, but electricity is not directly supplied. The locomotive is fueled with diesel which powers a large diesel engine that drives a generator that in turn drives electric motors on the axles of the locomotive. Think of it as a hybrid. An on-board generator that powers on-board electric motors.
They will probally be fixed for ease of use on models, but on real trains they are retractible
A lot of diesel engines rack up 100,000s of miles. This is because of their long life span. In America, we have diesel locomotives still in service from the early to late 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, and some built just a few days ago. As it turns out, you could say that some of these engines have racked up about a million miles or more of total run time. It can be inaccurate though, because a lot of locomotives are re-powered and rebuilt/refurbished. Yet, that comes back to your personal interpretation of what you'd considered the reset point for the mileage. Yes, there have been locomotives that wreck out early in life and don't reach high mileage, but locally you can find old locomotives from the 1970s that have tons and tons of miles on them and run just fine.
A propulsion car, usually a locomotive today. The first trains used people power, horse power, and gravity. Sail power was even tried in the early 1800's in the US. Then steam locomotives, followed by diesel locomotives, followed by electric locomotives, - Today, electric is the most common for passenger trains with diesel the most common for freight trains. Today, some trains distribute their propulsion along multiple cars and don't need a locomotive (referred to as MU, for multiple unit).
A locomotive (also called an engine) is a vehicle that provides the power to pull (or push) a train. As well as the locomotive, the train consist of the vehicles which actually contain what is being transported. These can be either freight wagons, or passenger carriages. Locomotives are classified depending on how they are powered. The first locomotives were steam powered (a 'steam engine'), modern locomotives are either powered by electricity or by a diesel engine (an 'electric locomotive' or a 'diesel locomotive'). A steam train is a train which is being powered by a steam engine. Some passenger trains have diesel or electric motors under the carriages and do not need a separate locomotive.
Most railroad locomotives today are known as diesel-electrics. A large diesel engine drives an electrical generator, which sends power to the electric drive motors. Some are purely eletrical- they get power from an overhead line, or from a special rail on the ground- which powers the electric motors. Older locomotives were steam engines- they burned coal, and the heat turned water to steam, which powered the steam engine.
Yes. Used a ton. The steam locomotive was, for a long time, the only way to power a train. When diesel-electric locomotives proved better for railroads in the 1950s, they became less used... But from 1830s to 1940s, they dominated, basically. I mean, yeah, there were electric only railroads, and diesel-electric locomotives around, but steam was basically the main power for America. Other countries, steam was almost only what they used. Japan and China would be some countries that slowly developed rail systems. Both countries continued revenue service with steam locomotives up into the 1980s.
Some
Steel. various alloys including some copper-oriented are used in the vital tubes. it is true the Big Boy and similar Mallets ( locomotives with two sets of driving wheels, in colloquial parlance) had 5280 feet of stacked tubes- yes, one mile, as did the French experimental model intended for use in the Alps.
Power plants, steam locomotives, and some homes.
It's where the first aid compartment is