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The stomach's lining is protected from the corrosive gastric acid by a layer of mucous. If the mucous lining thins or is otherwise damaged, acid can damage the lining of the stomach, causing an ulcer.

While the stomach's lining is able to resist gastric acid thanks to its layer of mucous, the esophagus and mouth aren't as well-protected. So, if there is a problem with the sphincter that keeps the stomach shut, and the stomach acid enters the esophagus, it can cause damage and pain that is felt as heartburn. Excessive vomiting can also damage the esophagus; gastric acid can even damage teeth due to vomiting.

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14y ago

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