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Why do the planets in space appear bright at night?

Updated: 8/17/2019
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15y ago

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We see things based on reflected light. Light travels from the source, bounces off the object, and is reflected to our eyes. Our eyes detect the light, and our brains decode the image of what we are seeing.

The Sun is a nuclear fusion reactor; it generates an enormous amount of energy, which is radiated away into space. In empty space, the light encounters no obstacle, nothing to reflect the light to the observer. So space looks black, because no light is being reflected there.

Planets are big and reflective. They aren't perfect reflectors, but they don't have to be. It only takes a tiny fraction of the reflected light to hit our eyes in order for us to see them. This would be difficult if the background was bright; for example, we cannot see the stars in the daytime, because the refracted light in the Earth's atmosphere drowns out the light from the stars. (You CAN see the planet Venus in the daytime, if you know exactly where to look.)

But when the sky goes dark, the stars are still there, and as our eyes adjust to the diminished illumination, we can see the stars, and planets, and Space Station, and everything else that reflects light from the sun back to our eyes.

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Q: Why do the planets in space appear bright at night?
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