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Why do you add air to the ballast tanks in a submerged submarine?
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Do oil Tankers travel empty?
Almost. They need to add some ballast to keep enough of the prop and the rudder submerged, but the big holds are empty.
What air pressure must be supplied to remove water from the ballast tanks of a submarine 100m below the surface of the water in order for the submarine to surface?
This question isn't so good, and I'll explain in a second.First, the answer your teacher wants is "more than 165psi." At 100 meters, the water pressure is 11 atmospheres, or 165psi. If you want to blow the water out of the ballast tanks, you need to apply enough air pressure to force the water out of the boat--or more than 165psi.There are a couple of reasons why the question is bad.When a submarine is submerged, they put enough water in the ballast tank to give the submarine neutral buoyancy. If the boat is large enough to displace 10,000 gallons of water and it weighs 60,000 pounds, it will float because 10,000 gallons of water weighs 80,000 pounds. If you add 20,000 pounds of water to it, the boat will weigh 80,000 pounds and it will neither float nor sink--and once it weighs this much, they make it rise or fall in the water with control surfaces like an airplane has. So you don't really have to blow the tanks to get the boat up from 100 meters.Second, blowing the water out with air is only done in a real emergency. It's noisy, and doing anything noisy in a submarine gets you killed. They even have special shoes with soft soles so the enemy can't hear sailors walking around, and the beaters on the mixer in the galley are vinyl covered so you can't hear them scraping the sides of the bowl. They use pumps to remove the ballast when they need the sub to float.Good point. That makes it do-able. In neutral buoyancy it would have to be more than 9.9*10^5N/m^2, in order to push the air out of the ballast tanks.
I am building a submarine what is the best thing to use for a ballast?
Modern submarines use a variety of methods for ballast control. There are several factors that need to be considered:1. Overall water displacement surfaced and submerged2. Combined estimated weight of supplies and personnel aboard3. Fixed Ballast (weights, etc.)4. Main Ballast5. Trim BallastYour overall displacement estimate will give you the target for how much fixed ballast you'll need to add for an estimate to keep the boat at submerged depth at neutral buoyancy while surfaced (most of the boat below the waterline). Keep in mind that ballasting requirements are different for fresh and saltwater.You have to know the estimate of weight of all personnel, equipment and supplies onboard as well, since that also counts as part of the fixed ballast load. Knowing that allows you to know how much Trim ballast (used for maintaining more precise depth control and neutral buoyancy) you'll need to add or remove to achieve neutral buoyancy after you open the Main Ballast vents and submerge.Any ballast you use must be distributed evenly across the keel, or you risk being heavy forward, aft, port or starboard. This is why Trim Ballast tanks are used also - they allow for precision leveling of the boat after submergence.Without knowing your fixed ballast weight and how much Trim Ballast to add or remove, you can easily sink to the bottom or not submerge at all, though sinking is the more likely scenario. It's easy to sink a submarine - the trick is to get it back to the surface. As long as the number of dives equals the number of surfaces, everything's cool. If not, you're in for a bad day at work.
How can a submarine hang in water?
The submarine term for the maneuver is called "hovering". The 2 primary situations in which hovering is utilized is in preparation for an under-ice surfacing, and for Ballistic Missile submarines, in order to launch their missiles. Before a submarine empties its ballast tanks of air to submerge, the crew already knows how much fixed and variable ballast weight to account for, so that enough Trim Tank water ballast can be pumped aboard to achieve a state of Neutral Buoyancy upon submerging. Neutral Buoyancy is that state in which a submarine (or in SCUBA, a diver) is neither sinking or rising, effectively 'hanging" in the water. With divers, as they change depth, they add or release air from their buoyancy compensators (BC's) to maintain NB as the change in pressure affects the state of buoyancy. Submarines accomplish the same thing by pumping in or pumping out seawater to and from the boat's Trim Tanks as the boat changes from one depth to another. Trim tanks are used for boat leveling (Fore and Aft, Port and Starboard), as well as Variable Ballast control. In a true state of Hovering, the boat has come to a full stop, and has achieved a state of NB. For under-ice surfacing, water is pumped out of the Trim Tanks just enough to create positive buoyancy until the sail contacts the ice. Positive buoyancy is then increased to the point where the boat eventually breaks through the ice.
How does an aircraft carrier balance?
There is much more to a carrier than what you see above the surface of the water. There is "ballast" which adds weight to the bottom of the ship. This is usually lead ingots that are stationary. Water can be pumped into and out of various tanks to add or subtract weight and keep the ship level, This is alco considered "ballast".
Do you add the ballast and light wattages together?
No. Just make sure that the ballast you use is rated for at least as many watts as the lighting you plan to operate with it.
How do you convert kg of Ballast into cubic metres?
1.75 tonnes 1,750 kg of ballast is one cubic metre, if its concrete then you'd need to add 300kg of cement to mix this to the right ratio for a foundation.
How do fish in a fish tanks have an unbalanced ecosystem?
You have to add food to keep them alive.
Can you make a freshwater tanks into a saltwater tank?
yes just add salt!
How does a hot air balloon gain altitude?
Altitude is controlled by the propane burner and the parachute valve. The parachute valve is an opening at the top of the balloon envelope. When closed, it traps hot air from the burner inside the balloon, making the hot air balloon rise. When opened, it allows hot air to escape, and the hot air balloon descends. The reason a hot air ballon rises is because the density of the balloon is less than the density of the surrounding air. Its the same thing as "why does a boat float". In the case of the balloon, the operator modulates the flame on and off to maintain the desired altitude - increase the flame, and the balloon goes up - decrease or shut off the flame, and the balloon goes down. A better metaphor to a boat is a submarine - add ballast and the submarine goes down - blow ballast and the submarine goes up.
What salts do volcanoes add to seawater?
For example chlorine from submarine volcanoes, to form sodium chloride.
How did john p holland get the idea of the submarine?
Submarines in various forms had been around for well over 200 years before Holland ever got into the submarine business. He was just the first to incorporate diesel-electric technology and add it to submarine designs.
