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The harmonic minor is used simply for the i-iv-v-i progression

Cm - Fm - Gm (7)- Cm

The G minor chord is technically a part of the C minor scale. However, the chord does not give the feeling of returning back to the tonic (which is C minor). Now if you play this new progression, you can feel the return to the tonic

Cm - Fm - G(7)- Cm

This raises the 7th of the scale to B natural, thus making the V chord major, giving us a stronger sense of resolution than the Vm-Im progression does.

The melodic minor scale raises both the sixth and seventh degrees of the scale on the way up, creating a stronger pull to the tonic, but lowers them back on the way down, making the descending melody that of the Natural minor scale. This gives you the advantage of several alternate chords in the minor - a major IV and V chord (instead of minor ones) and a IIm chord (instead of a diminished). Using 4 part chords gives you even more alternate chords (ImMaj7, bVII Maj7, etc.) It also makes a smoother transition when modulating to the Tonic-Major key.

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12y ago

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