The text book answer is that Cl is not electronegative enough (compared to HF where there is obvious H bonding present)
Hydrogen chloride (diatomic molecule) has a polar covalent bond.
Hydrogen bonding is necessary for forming double-stranded DNA molecules.
FONRemember this contraction. Florine, oxygen and nitrogenare the only elements in conjunction with hydrogen that can form hydrogen bonding. The electronegativity variance is important here and chlorine does not vary enough from hydrogen to form hydrogen bonding
Hydrogen combines with other elements primarily through covalent bonding and ionic bonding. In covalent bonding, hydrogen shares its single electron with another element, forming molecules such as water (H₂O) and methane (CH₄). In ionic bonding, hydrogen can donate its electron to form a cation (H⁺), which can then bond with anions, as seen in compounds like hydrochloric acid (HCl). These bonding methods allow hydrogen to form a wide variety of chemical compounds.
H-ClA single covalent bond between the hydrogen and the chlorine
An HCl molecule contains 3 nonbonding pairs..
Because HCl react with bases, salts, oxides, metals, the solution has an acidic pH and HCl dissociate forming hydrogen ions, H+.
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) has one bonding pair. This is formed by a single covalent bond between the hydrogen atom and the chlorine atom, where they share one pair of electrons.
FONFlorineOxygenNitrogenThe hydrogen must be bonded to one of these highly electronegative atoms to participate in hydrogen bonding.HClChlorine is not of this group shown above. Do you know why?
in hf there is present strong hydrogen bonding and hydrogen being partially positive is entrapped with two stong partailly electronegative ions.
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a compound composed of one hydrogen atom covalently bonded to one chlorine atom. In a covalent bond, the atoms share electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. In the case of HCl, the hydrogen and chlorine atoms share one pair of electrons, forming a single covalent bond between them.
The presence of hydrogen fluoride can disrupt hydrogen bonding in a chemical compound by forming stronger hydrogen bonds with other molecules, thereby competing with the original hydrogen bonds. This can weaken or alter the overall structure and properties of the compound.