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There is a difference in the density of the gas on the outside and inside.

Helium molecules naturally are spaced further apart than nitrogen and oxygen. (N and O are the main components of air) Being further apart makes them less dense than the air. The denser air fill in the space below the balloon and pushes upward.

A simple experiment:

Find an empty soda bottle with a lid. Fill a large bowl 3/4 full of water. The water is the "air" in our experiment and the soda bottle is the "balloon". Can you push the soda bottle to the bottom of the bowl? What happens when you let go?

Water is more dense than air and the same thing that happens to the soda bottle happens to the helium balloon.

A side note:

Hot air is less dense than cold air. A hot air balloon uses this same method to float passengers.

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15y ago

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