Basically, the protons are what hold the electrons in orbit, so they are what determine how the element can bond with other elements, how easily the electrons can break off, and how the electrons configure themselves. The neutrons don't really do much (unless there's a lot of them, then the element become radioactive and they start breaking off).
By striking it with neutrons.
An isotope of an element has a different number of Neutrons to the original element it came from. EG: Carbon( 11 neurtons) can go to carbon(12 Neutrons(
No.
No.
During nuclear decay, radioisotopes of one element can change into one or more isotopes of a different element altogether.
Try "the proton" (change the electrons and you get ions, change the neutrons and you get an isotope.)
Because each isotope of an element has a mass different from any other isotope of the same element, and the atomic mass of an element is an average, weighted by the proportion of each isotope, in the naturally occurring element.
an isotope of an element
It is the neutron that makes changes in atomic nuclei to change them from one isotope to another. For any given element, that element will have a fixed number of protons. It is, after all, the number of protons that determine the elemental identity. But the number of neutrons in a given element can vary, and we use the term isotope to talk about which particular atom we're investigating. That is, we apply the term isotope to speak to an atom of a given element with a certain number of neutrons in its nucleus.
There is no specific number; each element has another number of natural and artificial isotopes.
An isotope of Neon. This isotope accounts for between a fifth and a quarter of the element.
its nucleus is unstable