Air decends at the poles and rises at the equuator. The basic part of the weather machine.
Global winds and currents near the equator flow east to west. The global wind belt located north and south of the equator is called trade winds.
Continental Polar
Ocean currents flow near the equator from the east to west. Ocean currents flow near the poles from west to east.
You can understand the same through the diagram of Hadley cells, Ferrel cells and Polar cells. You have pairs of them in both the north and the south hemispheres. You have very cold north and south poles. The equator is hottest. So the air should flow from north and south poles to the equator. This air flow will be in opposite direction. The same air should go up at the equator and then should flow to the north and south poles. But the distance is too long and you have three cells in the north hemisphere and three cells in the south hemisphere. So you have gear like mechanism to facilitate the air flow. So all the six cells move in opposite direction to each other. So you have the pair of Hadley cells that moves in opposite direction to each other. So air flows from cold to hot region, towards the equator in both the cases. In case of the Polar cells also, air flows from cold region to hot region. Now you have to explain the flow of Ferrel cell. Here the air flows in opposite direction. This cell gets energy from the Hadley cell and Polar cell. Both of them give equal energy to Ferrel cell. This happens due to gear like mechanism and explains the reverse flow of the air in case of the Ferrel cell. That is why the westerlies flows in opposite direction to trade winds and polar easterlies.
Heating by the sun near the equator makes the water there warm. In the polar regions, the water is cold. Cold water weighs more than warm and as a result, the warm waters of the equator drift toward the poles. The cold wear from the poles then flows toward the equator to replace the warm water that is leaving.
Cold currents generally flow towards the equator. (a.k.a. south).
Polar Easterlies
Global winds and currents near the equator flow east to west. The global wind belt located north and south of the equator is called trade winds.
Warm currents are warm whereas cold currents are cold. Warm currents flow from the equatorial regions towards the polar regions whereas cold currents flow from the polar regions to the equatorial regions. By- Avyukt Sharma
The winds are called Westerlies.
The winds are called Westerlies.
by convection
Continental Polar
This current flows southerly towards the equator.