answersLogoWhite

0

Why does ghb recrystallise?

Updated: 9/27/2023
User Avatar

Wiki User

13y ago

Want this question answered?

Be notified when an answer is posted

Add your answer:

Earn +20 pts
Q: Why does ghb recrystallise?
Write your answer...
Submit
Still have questions?
magnify glass
imp
Continue Learning about Chemistry

Does ghb freeze?

Yes. Not as easily as water tho due to the high salt content. The GHB would not get damaged by freezing it.


What can make your pee blue?

rat poison and GHB


Can water be used to separate salt from sugar why or why not?

A mixture of salt and sugar can be separated by using an organic solvent to dissolve the sugar. When the sugar is dissolved, it can be separated by filtering the salt from the liquid sugar,then recrystallise both solutions to from back their original crystals.


Why are receptors so important in understanding the effects of drug abuse?

because certain drugs affect certain neurotransmitters. the major groups of neurotransmitters affected by the most abused recreational drugs are gaba, dopamine, seroatonin, and nor epinephrine. Granted within each group there are hundreds of subtypes of neurotransmitters (i.e. 5HT1, 5HT2, etc... in the serotonin category). Also, in the opioid category there is theta, kappa, and mu. Also, some drugs work by stimulating ur brain to make more of a certain neurotransmitter, while others block the receptor cite so one's natural output of neurotransmitters collect bc they have no where to go. for example alcohol, benzos (xanax, klonopin, ativan, lorazepam, temazepam, valium), and GHB (one of the "date rape" drugs all affect Gaba. Alcohol and benzo addicts can actually die and have seizures if they suddenly quit cold turkey without tapering. also, opiate addicts, who quit, will usually experience PAWS - post acute withdrawal symptoms, in the form of depression, not in the boo-hoo crying type, but rather the lack of motivation, I don't care to move or do anything type of depression, which is from a lack of dopamine. therefore, when addiction psychiatrists prescribe SSRI antidepressants, it is usually illogical since the depression is from a lack of dopamine and not serotonin. (a simple example) .


HbA1c?

DefinitionHbA1c is a test that measures the amount of glycated hemoglobin in your blood. Glycated hemoglobin is a substance in red blood cells that is formed when blood sugar (glucose) attaches to hemoglobin.Alternative NamesGlycated hemoglobin; Glycosylated hemoglobin; Hemoglobin - glycosylated; A1C; GHb; Glycohemoglobin; Diabetic control indexHow the test is performedBlood is drawn from a vein, usually from the inside of the elbow or the back of the hand. The puncture site is cleaned with germ-killing medicine (antiseptic). The health care provider wraps an elastic band around the upper arm to apply pressure to the area and make the vein swell with blood.Next, the health care provider gently inserts a needle into the vein. The blood collects into an airtight vial or tube attached to the needle. The elastic band is removed from your arm. Once the blood has been collected, the needle is removed, and the puncture site is covered to stop any bleeding.In infants or young children, a sharp tool called a lancet may be used to puncture the skin and make it bleed. The blood collects into a small glass tube called a pipette, or onto a slide or test strip. A bandage may be placed over the area if there is any bleeding.How to prepare for the testNo special preparation is necessary.How the test will feelWhen the needle is inserted to draw blood, you may feel moderate pain, or only a prick or stinging sensation. Afterward, there may be some throbbing.Why the test is performedYour doctor may order this test if you have diabetes. It is used to measure your blood sugar control over several months. It can give a good estimate of how well you have managed your diabetes over the last 2 or 3 months.The test may also be used to screen for diabetes.You have more glycated hemoglobin if you have had high levels of glucose in your blood. In general, the higher your HbA1c, the higher the risk that you will develop problems such as:Eye diseaseHeart diseaseKidney diseaseNerve damageStrokeThis is especially true if your HbA1c remains high for a long period of time.The closer your HbA1c is to normal, the less risk you have for these complications.Normal ValuesAn HbA1c of 6% or less is normal. A HbA1c above 6.5% is a newly recommended criterion for diagnosing diabetes.If you have diabetes, you should try to keep your HbA1c level at or below 7%. However, you and your health care provider must decide what is a normal HbA1c level for you.Normal ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Talk to your doctor about the meaning of your specific test results.What abnormal results meanAbnormal results mean that your blood glucose levels have been above normal over a period of weeks to months. If your HbA1c is above 7%, it means that your diabetes control may not be as good as it should be.High values mean you are at greater risk of diabetes complications. If you can bring your level down, you decrease your chances of long-term complications.Ask your doctor how often you should have your HbA1c tested. Usually, doctors recommend testing every 3 or 6 months.What the risks areVeins and arteries vary in size from one patient to another and from one side of the body to the other. Obtaining a blood sample from some people may be more difficult than from others.Other risks associated with having blood drawn are slight but may include:Excessive bleedingFainting or feeling light-headedHematoma (blood accumulating under the skin)Infection (a slight risk any time the skin is broken)ReferencesInternational Expert Committee Report on the Role of the A1C Assay in the Diagnosis of Diabetes. Diabetes Care. July 2009 32:1344-1345.American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes--2010. Diabetes Care. 2010 Jan;33 Suppl 1:S11-61.