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Radiation disperses out in all directions, unless it is focused. This is true for Light. So the further away from the source, the more dispersed is the intensity.

Another reason is that the further away, the radiation is absorbed by objects, even dust in the air. Thus the intensity is reduced even more.

Think of a candle shinning light and the light going out as a large bubble. The further out that bubble goes, the more it has to stretch. The volume of the bubble grows by the Radius to the 3rd power. So if you Double the distance (times 2), the intensity does not drop by 1/2 but by 1/8 ---or 2 raised to the power of 3.

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Q: Why does moving further away from gamma radiation make things less dangerous?
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