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Radiation is like light, it can travel through empty space. The "why" is a bit complex; basically, light, as well as similar radiations (including heat radiation) consists of electromagnetic waves. These can travel through empty space, since they are just waves in the electric and magnetic properties of space.

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Q: Why does radiation don't need any substance to travel?
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Why do you not need a substance for heat transfer?

Any object emits electromagnetic radiation (heat radiation, usually infrared), according to its temperature. This can travel in empty space.


Does light need a substance to travel through?

No. It is radiation, not vibration. As electromagnetic energy, it can travel through a vacuum, and only through transparent or translucent material.


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Mechanical waves need a medium substance to travel through. Electromagnetic do not.


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