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It is due to the earth's rotation.

(source: January 2005 earth science regents exam)

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How the earth rotation affects the pattern of surface currents?

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The Coriolis force, a result of the earth's rotation, causes wind to follow a curved path over the earth's surface. As air moves across the rotating earth, its direction is deflected, causing winds to veer to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere. This causes the curved paths of winds commonly observed on the earth's surface.


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How does earths rotation affects the patterns of surface currents?

Earth's rotation causes the Coriolis effect, which deflects surface currents to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere. This creates the circular patterns of surface currents in the oceans known as gyres. These gyres help transport heat and nutrients around the planet, influencing global climate and marine ecosystems.


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