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When you bend a material the fibers at the outer extremes of the material thickness stretch on side ( tension) and shorten on the other side ( compression). At the mid (neutral) plane of the thickness theer is no stretch or shortening, so theer is neithetr tension nor compression there

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Q: Why does tension and compression needed in bending a material?
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Why are reinforcements needed for concrete?

Concrete (like stone) is very strong in compression but breaks almost instantly in tension. It is also weak in response to side forces and twisting forces. Steel bars are very strong in tension but crumple and fold instantly in compression. By putting steel reinforcement bars in concrete and pretensioning the bars before the concrete hardens creates a composite material that is strong in both compression and tension (with each material supporting the other) and also improves the response to side forces and twisting forces.


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