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It has to flow in opposite directions to keep a balanced concentration therefore a balanced diffusion. If it went in the same direction as the blood there would be less diffusion as, for instance, by the time the dialysis fluid from the right side got the the left, no more diffusion could take place with the blood above it as the fluid would already have gone though diffusion with blood further back down the right end so particles would not move from a high concentration to a low concentration as the fluid below would have a high concentration too from what it gained back at the right end.

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Q: Why does the fluid in dialysis have to flow in opposite directions?
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