A hypotonic solution causes water to move into the cell. To further elaborate, a hypotonic solution has higher water potential and less solutes as compared to inside the cell. Bear in mind that osmosis is the movement of water from a region of high water potential to a region of low water potential. Therefore, this causes water to move into the cell.
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Water enters a cell through Osmosis. Osmosis is the process of water moving from a place of high concentration to lower concentration in an attempt to create balance and achieve equilibrium. The cell membrane allows water to enter with no problem due to two reasons. Water molecules are relatively small, and fluid due to their hydrogen bonds, allowing them to pass through the relatively large gaps in the membrane easily, making the water polar. Polar water has a negative charge at one end and a positive at the other. The cells in the membrane part for the polar water molecules and let them in.
Because a hypertonic solution outside the cell vs a hypotonic solution inside the cell causes a concentration gradient where the water will diffuse outside to the hypertonic solution.
Hypertonic Solution
water will move out of the cell
A blood cell immersed in a hypertonic solution will cause water to move out of the cell, thereby causing it to shrivel. Osmotic pressure is water's tendency to seek to equalize its own concentration across a semipermeable membrane (like the cell membrane of a blood cell). So in a hypertonic solution (relative to the solution inside the blood cell), there are less particles of water per particle of solute. This means the water concentration inside the blood cell is higher, and mother nature will have none of that. So water will move out of the cell, seeking to equalize its concentration across the cell membrane. If the membrane is also permeable to solutes in the hypotonic solution, they will move across the membrane following their own chemical and electromagnetic concentration gradients.
Difference of concentration of water causes endosmosis or exosmosis .
An isotonic solution means that the water potential of the solution is the same of that of the cells, so no osmosis should occur, which is why many experiements are necessary to occur in an isotonic solution. however if solutions are NOT isotonic, cells are affected. if the solution has a more negative water potential (stronger sugar concentration outside the cells than inside the cells) then water will leave the cells to try to even the water potentials. If an animal cell, the cell will shrivel up and if it is a plant cell, the cell membrane will shrivel up but the cell will keep its structure because of its cell wall. if the solution has a more positive water potential then water will enter the cell. If too much water enters the cell, then in an animal cell the cell will burst - lysis - and in a plant cell, a series of events will happen. First the cell membrane will expand until it bursts like in the animal cell. However there is still a cell wall but this is but semi-permable so fluids freeloy move pass it. The outside solution will fill into what is left of the cell. This is called plasmolysis. nice
Hypertonic Solution
Water moves out of the cell in hypertonic solution.
Hypotonic.
water will move out of the cell
Water in a hypotonic solution will make a red blood cell expand. The water will move into the lower water concentration of the cell and the cell volume will grow.
move into the cell
water to move into the cell
When dealing with cells and their surrounding environment, if the outside of the cell is hypertonic (more salty), water will move out of the cell. This is an effort for the concentration of the salt to even out. The cell will shrink as a result.
The only similarities are that these deal with solutions. If the cell is placed into a hypotonic solution, the amount of salt (or sugar) will be lower, and water will move into the cell, and it will swell. Water will move from a lower concentration of water to a higher to reach a balance. The opposite will be true for hypertonic solutions, the cell will lose water. They appear crenate or serrated.
hypotonic means there are fewer solutes so water would flow into the cell. Hypertonic is the opposite.
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if there was a bag of a hypotonic solution siting in a cup full of water, the water would move into the bag, with the goal of diluting the solute.