It is traveling faster when it hits the object as it is going through a greater distance as it accelerates at the acceleration of gravity. More speed means greater energy and hence a louder sound when it impacts.
As Newton would say "Force equals mass times acceleration" so the if water is falling 2 feet it doesn't have the time to accelerate and build up much force behind it. Where water falling 40 feet over a water fall has plenty or time to build speed as it accelerates while falling it builds up a higher Force which creates a greater noise upon impact.
A longer string will have a greater distance between peaks of the waves of the vibration, so a sound will be lower on the sound wave scale.
amplitude
The amplitude of a sound wave determines its loudness. A larger amplitude produces a louder sound, while a smaller amplitude produces a softer sound. The distance from the sound source also affects perceived loudness, as sound waves spread out and lose intensity over distance.
The amplitude of the sound wave determines the volume of sound. Greater amplitude produces louder sounds, while lower amplitude results in softer sounds.
Sound becomes fainter as distance from the source increases due to the spreading out of sound waves in all directions. This causes the energy of the sound waves to be distributed over a larger area, resulting in less intensity and lower volume at a greater distance from the source.
The perceived "loudness" of the sound varies directly as the amplitude of the wave.
The amplitude of a sound wave determines how loud or soft a sound is. Greater amplitude produces a louder sound, while smaller amplitude results in a softer sound. This is perceived by our ears as variations in volume.
The amplitude of a sound is typically represented by the height or intensity of the sound wave. In a waveform graph, the amplitude is shown by the distance between the peaks and troughs of the wave. The greater the amplitude, the louder the sound.
Vibrating produces sound.
Loudness and amplitude are directly related in the context of sound waves. Amplitude refers to the height of a sound wave, which determines its loudness. A greater amplitude results in a louder sound, while a smaller amplitude produces a quieter sound.
A microphone captures sound and sends it to a receiver or amplifier where it can be heard from a greater distance.
A harpsichord produces a sound by plucking a string when a key is pressed down.