From its Wikipedia page:
"Being the densest water mass of the World Ocean, AABW is found to occupy the depth range below 4000 m of all ocean basins that have a connection to the Southern Ocean at that level."
The Southern Ocean freezes at about a depth of eight to 12 feet during the winter months, which is not deep enough to freeze the bottom water.
Antarctic Bottom Water can only travel north.
Antarctic bottom water of the Southern Ocean is the coldest water on earth. Cold water is always found at the bottom of any combination of water temperatures.
No, it's the Antarctic Bottom Water
Antarctic bottom water is colder than either the Antarctic intermediate water or the Atlantic deep water. The North Atlantic bottom water doesn't flow far enough south to intermix with the Southern Ocean.
When the North Atlantic ocean meets the Antarctic bottom water Hurricanes form(:
Yes, Atlantic deep water is warmer and less dense than the Antarctic bottom water, so it flows on top.
The mechanisms are temperature and circulation.Sea ice concentrates salt. Seas in the Southern Ocean -- the Weddell and the Ross -- freeze over during the Antarctic winter -- and during that process produce polynyas which open surface water to the cold winds that blow off the continent. This freezes the water more quickly and . . . concentrates the minerals.The water becomes laden with salt, and is colder, so it sinks, creating Antarctic bottom water.
Antarctic Bottom Water
The Antarctic Bottom Water, North Atlantic Deep Water, and Antarctic Intermediate Water are three density currents that form in polar regions.
The arrangement of water masses in the southern Atlantic Ocean from the surface to the bottom is Antarctic Intermediate water, north Atlantic deep water, and the Antarctic bottom water. The location where water flow uninterrupted between the Pacific, the Atlantic, and the Indian Oceans is in the southern ocean.
You may be thinking of Antarctic Bottom Water.
1.028 grams per cubic centimeter