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In a cyclotron, the most important condition is that of the cyclotron frequency. The frequency of the square wave oscillator connected to the dees of the cyclotron must match the frequency of revolution of the charged particle being accelerated.
For ordinary ions, once the frequency is set there is no need to change or adjust the frequency.
The equation for cyclotron frequency is
As it is clear from the above equation that the cyclotron frequency is inversely proportional to mass of the ion. The frequency of revolution is apparently constant for ordinary ions.
If an electron is accelerated in a cyclotron, it quickly picks up high-speed comparable to the speed of light because of its light mass. The speed comparable to the speed of light is called relativistic speed. At relativistic speeds, mass is not constant but varies according to the relation.
As per the equation as speed increases, relativistic mass increases. This will change the frequency of revolution and the revolution will go out of phase. The acceleration will stop.
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How is a charged particle accelerated when the electric field inside the dees of a cyclotron is zero?
it is the magnetic field not the electric field which accelerates the ion inside the dees
How do you use cyclotron in a sentence?
I cyclotron my computer
Who is discovered by cyclotron?
The cyclotron was discovered by one Ernest Lawrence.
How is a cyclotron used to treat patients?
A cyclotron is used to accelerate protons, which are used in the medical treatment of patients prescribed this form of therapy. It is an accelerated proton source. Proton therapy is gaining in use, but as it takes a cyclotron, which is a nuclear particle accelerator, to provide the accelerated protons, it costs a small fortune to set up a treatment center. The treatment begins with winding up the beast to gather and accelerate the protons (which is where the cyclotron comes in), and then the direction of the particle stream through appropriate (highly evacuated) plumbing to a treatment room. There, a patient is set up in front of the "business end" of the proton "gun" and positioned appropriately to administer the dose or radiation. Look below and check the links to related questions and to websites with related material.
In a cyclotron why are the dee's enclosed in a vacuum?
The dees in a cyclotron need to be in a vacuum to keep the accelerated particles from slamming into atoms and molecules in air. If we tried to run a cyclotron without pumping the air out of the accelerator assembly, it just wouldn't work. It is doubtful if there would be any beam current at all, and the whole thing would act as a radiation source with all kinds of ionized material trying to get out of the acceleration chamber. Use the link below to a related question and learn more.
Where does the electric field appear in a cyclotron?
The electric field in a cyclotron appears across the gap in the D's inside which the particles are accelerated. (There is a bit more to this, but not much.) Use the link below to a related question about the construction and operation of this nuclear particle accelerator.
How does one determine the maximum energy to which a deuteron can be accelerated in a cyclotron?
The final energy attained by a deuteron undergoing cyclotron acceleration depends on the design of the cyclotron. In some machines the final energy may be as low as 3MeV whilst in others, 25MeV. Above 25MeV reletavistic effects kick-in and the cyclotron needs to be more sophisticated in its design. It does depend on the cyclotron. Theres actually an equation for that. It takes into account the maximum radius of the orbit of the particles and the wavelength of the accelerating voltage. So for a given cyclotron with exactly specified values for radius and wavelength, the maximum kinetic energy of a particle depends on its rest energy and, hence, its rest mass. But heres an easy way to figure it out: If a given cyclotron can accelerate protons to an energy of say, 2 MeV, then deuterons can be accelerated to 4 MeV. Multiply by a factor of 2.
How is a charged particle accelerated when the electric field inside the dees of a cyclotron is zero?
it is the magnetic field not the electric field which accelerates the ion inside the dees
What is the difference between a cyclotron and a linear particle accelerator?
The primary difference is that the cyclotron provides a "circular" path for the accelerated particles, and the linear accelerator provides a "straight tunnel" as a pathway for the accelerated particles. Both devices accelerate particles, but are suited nicely to be used in tandem The cyclotron is frequently applied as the "initiator" of a particle stream in physics labs with multiple accelerators. The cyclotron feeds the linear accelerator, which then provides a final boost to particles before directing them into a target. And this pair of devices can be set up to feed a larger "ring" accelerator. That is a "simple" three-stage setup for generating and accelerating a string of particles to ramp them up to near light speed. The accelerated particles, with their extreme energies, are then directed into selected targets and the scattering reactions observed.
What is beta tron?
Beta tron is a device for speeding up electrons to extremely high energies with the help of expanding magnetic field. The beta tron differs from cyclotron in the two fundamental respects - 1) in beta tron the electron are accelerated by expanding magnetic field 2)the circular orbit has a constant radius.
Why can an electron not be accelerated by a cyclotron?
I think it is because they do not carry a charge. They are neutrons therefore they are neutrons. The LHC can accelerate protons because they carry a positive charge, for example. The LHC uses magnetic fields to accelerate particles, which will have no effect on neutrally charged particles.
What has the author Hendrik Jurrien Hopman written?
Hendrik Jurrien Hopman has written: 'The electron cyclotron instability in a beam-plasma system' -- subject(s): Electron beams, Plasma (Ionized gases)
How do you use cyclotron in a sentence?
I cyclotron my computer
Is Leo Szilard a great physicist?
He was as his wikipedia article makes plain. Electron microscope, linear accelerator, atomic bomb, cyclotron, etc.
What is salary of cyclotron operator?
A cyclotron operator is responsible for running a cyclotron. The average salary of a cyclotron operator is $64,000 per year.
Who is discovered by cyclotron?
The cyclotron was discovered by one Ernest Lawrence.
Is an alpha particle and a proton released from the centre of the cycltron and made to accelerated at the same cyclotron frequency?
the alpha particle will accelerate slower and follow a tighter/smaller spiral outward than the proton.
