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The melting temperature of materials is affected by the pressure they are under. So when "rock" in the Earth's mantle experiences a decrease in confining pressure, not only does it expand, it's melting temperature drops. If the melting temperature of the material drops below the background (also known as the in-situ) temperature, then melting will occur and in this case magma will form.
This typically occurs in the earth where hot upwelling mantle material experiences a decrease in confining pressure (as there is less and less overlying material as it rises) which ultimately causes adiabatic or decompression melting.
What else can I help you with?
How is the expansion of rock important in the for formation of lava?
Because when lava cools out it will turn into rock and some roks have small animal fossils in them too.
When magma cuts across another rock and hardens the resulting formation is called an?
When magma cuts across another rock and hardens, the resulting formation is called an "intrusion" or "igneous intrusion." This occurs when molten rock, or magma, forces its way into pre-existing rock layers and solidifies, typically forming structures such as dikes or sills. Intrusions are important in understanding geological processes and the history of the Earth’s crust.
What role do pressure and temperature play in magma formation?
As rising superheated mantle rock nears the surface due to tectonic forces, the compression pressure from surrounding rock decreases, causes it to melt, forming magma. It's called decompression melting. The high pressures that keep the superhot mantle rock from melting in the first place are called lithostatic pressures.
What does NOT play a role in magma formation?
One factor that does not play a role in magma formation is the Earth's rotation. Magma formation is primarily influenced by factors such as temperature, pressure, composition of the rock, and the presence of volatiles (such as water and gases) in the mantle.
As magma moves towards the surface of the Earth it may cool creating underground rock formations It may also pool into deep underground reservoirs called?
magma chambers. These reservoirs can hold large volumes of magma and are important in the formation of volcanic eruptions.
What happens during subduction important to rock cycle?
During subduction, one tectonic plate moves beneath another into the mantle. This process can cause melting of the descending plate, leading to the formation of magma. This magma can then rise to the surface through volcanic activity, contributing to the formation of new igneous rocks and completing the rock cycle.
What is the most important factor governing rock texture?
The most important factor is the method by which the rock was formed. Methods of rock formation would include compaction and cementation of sediments, slow and quick cooling from magma, and metamorphism of existing rock by heat and pressure. These rock formation methods will affect a rock's mineral alignment, crystal size, and arrangement, giving it observable and testable texture characteristics.
What is a crack that has been filled in by magma and hardens parallel to existing rock layers?
A crack that has been filled in by magma and hardens parallel to existing rock layers is known as a "sill." Sills are formed when magma intrudes between pre-existing rock layers and solidifies, resulting in a horizontal or nearly horizontal sheet of igneous rock. This process can create distinctive geological features and is an important aspect of igneous rock formation.
What three factors affect the formation of magma?
Three factors that affect the formation of magma are temperature, pressure, and the presence of volatiles (such as water and carbon dioxide). Increasing temperature, decreasing pressure, and the addition of volatiles all contribute to the melting of rocks and the formation of magma beneath the Earth's surface.
The formation of magma depends on which set of conditions?
The formation of magma depends on the melting of rock due to high temperature, pressure, and the presence of water or other volatiles. These conditions can occur in the Earth's mantle or crust, leading to the creation of molten rock that can eventually rise to the surface as magma.
When magma intrudes parallel to another rock layer the formation is called an?
When magma intrudes parallel to another rock layer, the formation is called a "sill." Sills are typically horizontal or gently inclined and form when magma forces its way between existing rock layers without breaking through to the surface. This process can create distinct mineral compositions and textures within the surrounding rock.
Which would mostly likely occur during the formation of igneous rock?
The basic processes involves in igneous rock formation are; 1. Melting (Magma, formation of molten substance). 2. Volcanicity (Eruption, movement of magma). 3. Cooling (Change in temperature). 4. Crystallization (Mineralization, formation of crystals and minerals). 5. Solidification (Consolidation into a solid mass to form igneous rock).
