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In graphite,the bonds are often depicted as alternating single and double bonds. This is not quite accurate as the bonds are actually somewhat in between these two structures. This means that in the case of graphite the electrons are delocalized throughout the entire structure, and are free to move to produce an electric current.

In diamond all the bonds are single bonds, so the electrons must stay in essentially the same area. This makes them nearly impossible to move without destroying the structure of the diamond.

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