Why is cyclopentane insoluble in water?

Answer 1

1-butanol is soluble in water up to 7.4 %wt at 20oC and 7.7 %wt at 30oC, in other words if you add in less than this percentage it will dissolve. Beyond it, the water will start rejecting the 1-butanol and the solution will turn cloudy or more appropriate wording, turbid and will separate if left to settle. This happens because of the hydrophobic nature of the hydrocarbon chain will become stronger than the hydrophilic -OH group, so the larger the chain the less that will dissolve as with 1-pentanol where the solubility is 2 %wt at 20oC.

Answer 2

t-butanol's alcohol group has more importance because it has a greater influence on the molecule than the alcohol group in 1-butanol. This is so because the carbons are closer, and so they can have less LDFs, but instead have to shift their poles to accomodate the alcohol group.

Answer 3

The simple rule is "Like dissolves in like".

That is polar solutes dissolve well in polar solvents while non polar solutes dissolve in non polar solvents.

Alkanes and alkenes are non polar substances.

Hence they would dissolve in non polar solvents such as ethers.

But would not dissolve in water as water is highly polar.

Answer 4

Butane is a saturated alkane which has a high level of hydrophobicity. This arises from the fact that the carbon-carbon bonds and the carbon-hydrogen bonds are nonpolar bonds. So, molecules of butane will tend to group together because of the favorable intermolecular forces between them and the unfavorable interactions with the polar water.

Answer 5

Butane is insoluble in water because it is nonpolar.

Answer 6

It has one polar -OH group at the end (C3H7-CH2OH)

Answer 7

Water can only dissolve polar molecules, as it is itself polar. Butane has no polar groups, so water will not dissolve it.

Answer 8

Butane isn't soluble in water, because it is nonpolar while water is a polar solvent.