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Valency is the number of electrons to reach the stable number of 8 electrons in its outer shell. Electrically neutral chlorine has 7 electrons its outermost shell. This means that a single bond, where two electron orbitals overlap is required to form the stable element allotrope, therefore two atoms of chlorine are needed.

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Q: Why is chlorine written as CL2 while it has valency of 1?
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