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Why is entropy of saturated liquid lower than saturated vapor for any pure substance?
Wiki User
∙ 12y ago
Because to perform the change of state from the saturated
liquid to saturated vapor ( at constant presure ) you have
to add heat in the amount of the substance's evaporation
latent heat Qev . At constant pressure, temperature will stay
fixed at its saturation temperature and the increase in
entropy will be
(delta S)ev = Qev/Tsat
where (delta S)ev is the entropy increment.
Tsat is the saturation absolute temperature of the substance.
And so the saturated vapor entropy is (delta S)ev larger than
the saturated liquid entropy.
Wiki User
∙ 12y ago
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What is the process in which particles in gas or liquid moves from higher to lower concentration?
Particles in a gas or liquid moving from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration represents passive transport. This does not use energy.
What form of carbon dioxide has the lowest entropy?
Solid carbon dioxide, also known as dry ice, has the lowest entropy among the different forms of carbon dioxide. In its solid state, the molecules are tightly packed together, resulting in a more ordered arrangement and therefore lower entropy compared to gaseous or liquid states.
What is ill-saturated vapour pressure of a liquid?
The vapour pressure of a substance is related to how fast it is evaporating. Vapour pressure varies directly with temperature. The hotter it is, the higher the vapour pressure. A substance boils when the vapour pressure of the liquid equals atmospheric pressure pushing down on the substance: usually taken to be 760 mm Hg or 101 kPa. If you know the vapour pressure of a substance you can estimate how much of that substance would be in air above the substance if you put it in a closed room and allowed it to equilibrate. This is called the saturated vapour concentration. If you know for instance that the lower flammable limit of the substance is 0.5% (1% = 10,000 ppm), you would be concerned about the potential for fire if the saturated vapour concentration was greater than 5000 ppm at room temperature. Without ventilation, there would be enough of the substance in air to ignite if there is a source of ignition. In a similar way, if the allowable exposure limit for the substance was an 8-hour time-weighted average of 500 ppm, you would know that it is possible to be overexposed to the substance by inhalation if the saturated vapour concentration exceeds 500 ppm. Estimate the saturated vapour concentration (SVC) using the following formula: SVC = [(vapour pressure of substance in mm Hg)/ 760 mm Hg] X 10^6 Ed Gatey BSc (Chem), CRSP, CIH
How does a substance's boiling point determine its state at room temperature?
If the substance's boiling point is lower than room temperature, it is probably a gas. If the boiling point is higher, it will be a liquid.
What happens to entropy when pressure decreases?
When pressure decreases, entropy increases. Increases in entropy correspond to pressure decreases and other irreversible changes in a system. Entropy determines that thermal energy always flows spontaneously from regions of higher temperature to regions of lower temperature, in the form of heat.
How does the entropy of a system change for condensation of water?
The entropy is lower.
If comparing a solid liquid or gas phase of H20 which has the highest entropy?
entropy is greater the more possible arrangements for energy there are, which increases as the molecules become more mobile, so entropy is high in a gas, lower in a liquid, and lowest in a solid.
Can entropy effect osmosis?
In a nutshell, yes. The water will go from a higher concentration to a lower concentration to increase the entropy of the lower concentration area. The increase in entropy of the lower concentration area would be greater than the loss of entropy of the higher concentration giving you a NET increase in total entropy.
Is cholesteol a liquid substance?
Cholesterol can actually be both a liquid substance and a solid substance depending on the temperature experienced by our bodies. If the temperatures are warm, then cholesterol stiffens, but in lower temperatures, it's fluidity increases.
Why does a icebreg float?
water is the only substance on earth where its density is HIGHER when liquid, and LOWER when solid. a substance will float on top of another if its density is lower than the other substance. so because the ice has a LOWER density it will float on top of the water
What is the process in which particles in gas or liquid moves from higher to lower concentration?
Particles in a gas or liquid moving from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration represents passive transport. This does not use energy.
What form of carbon dioxide has the lowest entropy?
Solid carbon dioxide, also known as dry ice, has the lowest entropy among the different forms of carbon dioxide. In its solid state, the molecules are tightly packed together, resulting in a more ordered arrangement and therefore lower entropy compared to gaseous or liquid states.
When a lower boiling substance put at room temperature the substance is in solid state or liquid state?
It depends exactly what the substance is and exactly what it's boiling point is. The term 'lower' could mean 1 centigrade lower than the surface temperature of the sun. So it is impossible to answer this question.
What is ill-saturated vapour pressure of a liquid?
The vapour pressure of a substance is related to how fast it is evaporating. Vapour pressure varies directly with temperature. The hotter it is, the higher the vapour pressure. A substance boils when the vapour pressure of the liquid equals atmospheric pressure pushing down on the substance: usually taken to be 760 mm Hg or 101 kPa. If you know the vapour pressure of a substance you can estimate how much of that substance would be in air above the substance if you put it in a closed room and allowed it to equilibrate. This is called the saturated vapour concentration. If you know for instance that the lower flammable limit of the substance is 0.5% (1% = 10,000 ppm), you would be concerned about the potential for fire if the saturated vapour concentration was greater than 5000 ppm at room temperature. Without ventilation, there would be enough of the substance in air to ignite if there is a source of ignition. In a similar way, if the allowable exposure limit for the substance was an 8-hour time-weighted average of 500 ppm, you would know that it is possible to be overexposed to the substance by inhalation if the saturated vapour concentration exceeds 500 ppm. Estimate the saturated vapour concentration (SVC) using the following formula: SVC = [(vapour pressure of substance in mm Hg)/ 760 mm Hg] X 10^6 Ed Gatey BSc (Chem), CRSP, CIH
Which has greater entropy liquid water at 0 degrees C or ice at 0 degrees C?
The water. This is because it has greater positional disorder; if you know the position of one molecule you can say much less about the positions of all the others than you can in an ice crystal. On the other hand, if we are maintaining the system at constant temperature and pressure, then at 0C the contribution to the entropy of the universe because of the water is the same whether it is liquid or solid. This is because when water freezes it give out a latent heat, increasing the entropy of its surroundings, which at 0C exactly cancels the ice's lower entropy.
What is the amount of water vapor that the air can hold at a given temperature called?
The air is saturated, and has reached its dew point temperature.The dew point.
How does a substance's boiling point determine its state at room temperature?
If the substance's boiling point is lower than room temperature, it is probably a gas. If the boiling point is higher, it will be a liquid.
