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The system is in "equilibrium" because the rates of the reactions (or in this case simply changes of state) in both directions are equal, and the amounts of liquid and vapour are constant. The "dynamic" part describes the fact that the reactions/changes of state are indeed happening even though no change is observed from the outside. It's like walking up an escalator which is moving downwards - to someone watching it doesn't look like you're moving, but in fact you are working to stay in the same place.
Wiki User
∙ 16y ago
Wiki User
∙ 10y agothe forward and reverse reactions continue indefinietly
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Which situation in equilibrium?
A system is said to be social equilibrium when there is a dynamic working balance among its interdependent parts.
When the sum of the forces and moments in a structural system equals zero that system is said to be in a state of?
equilibrium
What does it mean for a reaction to be a equilibrium?
In a particular time, if the forward and backward reactions of a reversible reactions take place in the same rate, there would be not a visible change (i.e. no net change) in the system, and that system is said to be at equilibrium.
When a chemical reaction and it and reverse are occurring at the same time and at the same rate the reaction has achieved?
equilibrium
Example of law of mass action?
Chemical Equilibria Heat is energy flowing from a high temperature object to a low temperature object. When the two objects are at the same temperature, there is no net flow of energy or heat. That is why a covered cup of coffee will not be colder than or warmer than the room temperature after it has been in there for a few hours. This phenomenon is known as equilibrium. In this example, we deal with the flow of energy.Equilibria happen in phase transitions. For example, if the temperature in a system containing a mixture of ice and water is uniformly 273.15 K, the net amount of ice formed and the melt will be zero. The amount of liquid water will also remain constant, if no vapour escape from the system. In this case, three phases, ice (solid) water (liquid), and vapour (gas) are in equilibrium with one another. Similarly, equilibrium can also be established between the vapour phase and the liquid at a particular temperature. Equilibrium conditions also exist between solid phase and vapour phases. These are phase equilibria.Chemical reactions may not be as complete as we have assumed in Stoichiometry calculations. For example, the following reaction are far short of completion. 2 NO2 = N2O43 H2 + N2 = 2 NH3H2O + CO = H2 + CO2Let us consider only the first reaction in this case. At room temperature, it is impossible to have pure NO2 or N2O4. However, in a sealed tube ( closed system), the ratio [N2O4] ------- [NO2]2is a constant. This phenomenon is known as chemical equilibrium. Such a law of nature is called the law of mass action or mass action law.Of course, when conditions, such as pressure and temperature, change, a period of time is required for the system to establish an equilibrium.Before we introduce the mass action law, it is important for us to identify a system or a closed system in our discussion. The law provides an expression for a constant for all reversible reactions.For systems that are not at equilibrium yet, the ratio calculated from the mass action law is called a reaction quotient Q. The Q values of a closed system have a tendency to reach a limiting value called equilibrium constant Kover time. A system has a tendency to reach an equilibrium state.A Closed System for the Equilibrium StateIn order to discuss equilibrium, we must define a system, which may be a cup of water, a balloon, a laboratory, a planet or a universe. Thus, for discussion purpose, we define an isolated portion of the universe as a system, and anything outside of the system is called environment. When the system under consideration is isolated from its environment in such a way that there is no energy or mass transferred into or out of the system, the system is said to be a closed system.In a closed system, changes continue, but eventually there is no NET change over time. Such a state is called an equilibrium state.For example, a glass containing water is an open system. Evaporation let water molecules to escape into the air by absorbing energy from the environment until the glass is empty. When covered and insulated it is a closed system. Water vapour in the space above water eventually reaches a equilibrium vapour pressure.In fact, measuring of temperature itself requires the thermometer to be at the same state as the system it measures. We read the temperature of the thermometer when heat transfer between the thermometer and the system stops (at equilibrium).Equilibrium states are reached for physical as well as chemical reactions. Equilibrium is dynamic in the sense that changes continue, but the net change is zero.Reversible Chemical ReactionsHeat transfer, vapourization, melting, and other phase changes are physical changes. These changes are reversible and you have already experienced them. Many chemical reactions are also reversible. For exampleN2O4=2 NO2colourlessbrownand N2 + 3 H2 = 2 NH3are reversible chemical reactions.The Law of Mass ActionThe law of mass action is universal, applicable under any circumstance. However, for reactions that are complete, the result may not be very useful. We introduce the mass action law by using a general chemical reaction equation in which reactants A and B react to give product C and D. a A + b B --> c C + d D where a, b, c, d are the coefficients for a balanced chemical equation.The mass action law states that if the system is at equilibrium at a given temperature, then the following ratio is a constant.[C]c [D]d------------- = Keq[A]a [B]bThe square brackets "[ ]" around the chemical species represent their concentrations. This is the ideal law of chemical equilibrium or law of mass action.The units for K depend upon the units used for concentrations. If M is used for all concentrations, K has unitsMc+d-(a+b)The Reaction Quotients Q and the Equilibrium Constants KIf the system is NOT at equilibrium, the ratio is different from the equilibrium constant. In such cases, the ratio is called a reaction quotient which is designated as Q. [C]c [D]d------------- = Q[A]a [B]bA system not at equilibrium tend to become equilibrium, and the changes will cause changes in Q that its value approaches the equilibrium constant, KQ ® Keq.
Which situation in equilibrium?
A system is said to be social equilibrium when there is a dynamic working balance among its interdependent parts.
Which situation is in equilibrium?
A system is said to be social equilibrium when there is a dynamic working balance among its interdependent parts.
A system actively receiving inputs and producing outputs without undergoing a change in size or function is said to be in?
dynamic equilibrium
What is social equilibrium?
A system is said to be social equilibrium when there is a dynamic working balance among its interdependent parts (Davis & Newstrom, 1985). Each subsystem will adjust to any change in the other subsystems and will continue to do so until an equilibrium is retained. The process of achieving equilibrium will only work if the changes happen slowly, but for rapid changes it would throw the social system into chaos, unless and until a new equilibrium can be reached.From The Desk of Dr. Adnan Iqbal
When a population size fluctuates within limits in response to the environment but overall maintains a stable size it is said to be in what?
dynamic equilibrium
When a population size fluctuates within limits in response to the environment but overall maintains a stable size it is said to be in?
C. dynamic equilibrium
When no net change occurs in the amount of reactants and products a system is said to be in?
The system is in equilibrium.
When the sum of the forces and moments in a structural system equals zero that system is said to be in a state of?
equilibrium
What describes two phases in dynamic equilibrium?
Static balance - maintaining balance while holding a pose or remaining motionless (balance on one foot)dynamic balance - maintaining balance when in motion, starting, and stopping (balancing while walking on a balance beam)
What does it mean for a reaction to be a equilibrium?
In a particular time, if the forward and backward reactions of a reversible reactions take place in the same rate, there would be not a visible change (i.e. no net change) in the system, and that system is said to be at equilibrium.
When the force of magma pushing upwards is equal to the force of the rock pushing downwards the system is said to be on a state of what?
Equilibrium.
Explain the difference between static equilibrium and dynamic equilibrium?
A chair has static equilibrium ... a bicycle has dynamic equilibrium.Dynamic implies movement while staticimplies stationary, but that is a bit misleading. Take an object traveling with a constant velocity in deep space (no air resistance and no gravity). It could be viewed as being as much at rest as an object sitting on a table. The mathematical or chemical use of equilibrium is better. In these cases there is no net change over time even though energy maybe expended. If a steady-state situation in which a reverse process is occurring has a corresponding forward process, at a rate which achieves an exact balance, it is said to be in dynamic equilibrium. With regard to the pressure and volume of water sealed in an exhausted vessel at a constant temperature, a balanced state of constant change is possible in which molecules are constantly being exchanged between ice, water, and water vapour phases. By definition this balanced state of constant change is dynamic equilibrium. Static equilibrium can refer to a steady-state situation with no dynamic forces acting on its potential energy in either reverse or forward processes. By definition, in a state of staticequilibrium there is balance, but no change, disturbance or movement.
