Why is it difficult to find the mass and volume of the states of matter?

Answer 1

There are 3 states a matter can assume - gaseous, liquid, and solid. Each substance has different state functions for each state of matter, but while in that state; its function is characterized only by the current temperature and pressure and not on its previous states or properties. For example - is in liquid state is btw temperature, and btw pressure.

A substance in gaseous state will have several distinguishing characteristics - Almost any amount of gas can be compressed into almost any container, since its molecules will distribute uniformly in it. A gaseous substance has the ability to expand or contract according to changes in temperature and pressure. Also, according to the Kinetic Theory of Gasses, the size of gas molecules is negligible considering their distance from one another, and they are not likely to interact, unless they collide. It is also stated that gas molecules move in straight lines, in various speeds, and that their collision is elastic and no kinetic energy is lost. According to Maxwell's distribution of molecular speed, one can predict the number of molecules, using their average velocity; this theory can only be used when speaking of an ideal gas. An ideal gas is a theoretical gas with randomly moving, noninteracting particles, the ideal gas obeys the ideal gas law - , which is a combination of Boyle's law, Charles' law, Avogadro's law, and Dalton's law. Boyle's law states that as the volume lessens, the pressure rises. Charles' law states that temperature decreases or increases with volume, at constant pressure. Avogadro's law infers that two gasses with the same temperature, pressure, and volume, have the same number of molecules. And finally, Dalton's law of partial pressure states that the sum of partial pressures of each gas in a mixture equals the pressure of all gasses combined. The ideal gas law only accounts for gasses in moderate pressure and temperature, real gasses, however, might encounter higher temperature and pressure, which could change, for example - their intermolecular interactions.