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The nucleus of an atom is made of a combination of positively charged protons, and neutral neutrons. Like charges repel so it takes a tremendous amount of energy to force the protons close enough together to allow the strong nuclear force to hold them in place and form an atomic nucleus. Imagine you have two sling shots pointed in opposite directions. You put a strong magnet in each sling shot and pull the magnets in the slings together until the magnetic force sticks them together. The rubber bands represent the electrostatic repulsion of the protons trying to fling the particles (magnets) apart while the magnetic force is the strong nuclear force that holds the particles together provided you get them close enough for it to take effect. So every nucleus of every atoms is like a bunch of slingshots loaded with magnets pointed out of the nucleus with all the magnets stuck together in the center. You can imagine that if I take another sling shot and fire a magnet (charged particle) or even a rubber ball (neutral particle) into the nucleus I have a good chance of knocking a few of the slingshots loose so that they fling their particles all over the place.

In a typical nuclear process you get a few particles shot off and two large chunks that stay together but because the repulsion forces of the protons in the nucleus are so strong there is a lot of energy released even if only a few particles shoot out. The large energy given off is a measure of how much work it takes to squeeze the protons together in the first place.

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Q: Why is so much energy evolved in a neuclar cahin reaction?
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