to reduce hardness to prevent the material from becoming brittle
Tempering is applied to quench hardened plain carbon steel to: 1. reduce brittleness. 2. increase ductility. 3. increase toughness. 4. relieve stresses in the martensite structure. Increase in tempering temperature lowers the hardness. The reduction in hardness of the quenched steel depends upon the composition of the alloy and the exact value of the temperature applied.
Alloy steels are oil quenched to minimize the risk of cracking due to the slower cooling rate compared to water quenching. The slower cooling rate reduces the formation of internal stresses and distortion in the steel, resulting in a more uniform and controlled hardening process. Oil quenching also offers better control over the final hardness and microstructure of the steel.
Tempering is not always necessary after quenching, but it is often recommended to relieve internal stresses and improve the toughness of the material. Quenching can lead to brittleness in certain steels, and tempering helps to achieve a balance between hardness and ductility. However, for some applications where maximum hardness is required, tempering may be intentionally skipped. Ultimately, the decision to temper depends on the specific properties desired in the final product.
In short, heat treating is used to achieve the desired properties of the alloy such as hardening or softening. There are multiple methods used to do this, annealing, quenching, and tempering are a few.
To make a hammer, the main heat treatment processes involved are heat treating for hardening and tempering. The hammer head is heated to a specific temperature for hardening, then quenched in a cooling medium to achieve the desired hardness. Tempering is then done by reheating the hardened hammer head to a lower temperature to improve toughness and reduce brittleness.
The Tempering was created in 1983.
it is either a verb or adjective "My thirst is quenched." "I felt great with a quenched thirst."
The Tempering has 198 pages.
The ISBN of The Tempering is 0-8991-9152-5.
J. C. Moree has written: 'The behaviour of paint layers applied to weathering steels'
Tempering Steel is the second stage or process performed on some steels it may have to go through, while it is being heat treated. Once some metals have been heated then quenched or AKA cooled quickly in air , oil or water it becomes hardened very hard this process is know as the Hardening process but also makes steel very brittle like glass to give that steel part its toughness back again the heat treat shop then tempers it after its been hardened this is known as the Tempering Process and takes out some of the hardness, but puts back some of the steel parts toughness so it becomes tougher and more resistant from cracking or braking into piece's when used. This is also known as Tempered Steel.
Tempering