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At lower altitudes and low sun (dawn/dusk) the sunlight has to shine through more atmosphere.
The Sun emits electromagnetic radiation, of which white light is a part.
White light can be split into the colours of the rainbow. The Blue end of the spectrum is the shorter wavelength, and the Red end is the longer wavelength.
The shorter/longer the wavelength the less/more penetrating they are.
e.g. you cannot see light/uv rays (shortwavelength) through a brick wall, but you can feel IR(heat)( longwavelength) through a brick wall.
So the longer wavelengths from the Sun (yellow/orange/red) will penetrate further through the atmosphere. Hence you see this colour light with a setting/rising Sun.
Contrast this , when the Sun is high in the sky (midday) sunlight has less atmosphere to penetrate through, so it follows that the shorter wavelengths can pass through and the light changes to white.
Do not confuse this with 'Blue Sky' that is a different phenomenon.
lenpollock
Wiki User
∙ 11y agoAtmosphere molecules filter out the most of colours of the spectrum when it passes through thicker layers of the atmosphere. When the sunlight goes through a shallower angle, it must penetrate through more layers than it usually does during the day.
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