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Let's use some examples. When you buy a TV, the intention is to watch some shows. If you leave it in its box and never plug it in, the television never performs the action for which it is intended. If you buy a telephone but never plug it in and you don't have service anyway, the phone becomes an object that cannot perform its function.

When you buy food at a store and bring it home, you know that each item contains nutrients. But, if you let the food sit, it never releases its nutrients. Through mastication (chewing), humans begin the process of breaking down food to release its nutrients and gain benefit from its calories and nutrients.

Digestion begins in the stomach, with the help of the gallbladder, by adding acids and bile salts to the food. This turns food to semi-solids. When it enters the small intestines, fluid is pulled from the cells into the small intestines. This begins to turn the semi-solids into a watery mush. Only then can the cells pull the nutrients and calories back to the bloodstream and into the cells.

But, the body can't use all of the food-mush we consume. Some of it is fiber, which helps the intestines but does not break down for use by the cells. If we continue to eat without expelling the previous meals, the body would become bloated. Eventually, we'd die.

So the body pushes the remaining mush into the large intestines. There (and especially in the colon), the body pulls back out most of the excess fluids. This makes the mush more solid. It is called stool, and takes the shape of the large intestines (roundish, long) as it becomes solid and continues to move downward.

The body processes the excess fluid through the kidneys. And it pushes out the stool as waste.

This complex process uses several body systems in an intricate balance to help the organism (the human body) to survive.

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14y ago

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