state how low carbon steels can be given a hard case?
High carbon steels are hard, strong and resistant to wear.
Carbon. Carbon in higher quantities than .4 % are High Carbon Steels.
by hard steels and hard rubber
The carbon equivalent (CE) equation is used to estimate the weldability of steels by comparing the hardenability of the material with the carbon content. It helps to predict the tendency of a material to form hard and brittle regions after welding, which can affect the properties of the welded joint.
iron by itself is a very weak metal and it does not find any good use in the industrial applications. when carbon is added to iron as a solid solution it adds strength to it. this gives us the steel alloy. if you refer the iron-iron carbide equilibrium diagram then you will find it amazing how iron and carbon can exhibit different crystal structure this leads to the formation of a lot of variety of steel. steels can be heat treated from being very soft to being very hard and the opposite can be done as well. very tough steels can be made, very ductile steels can be made , very hard steels can be made , etc etc etc etc.,
A metal used in very hard steels is nickel. Nickel is used to make stainless steel, rechargeable batteries, tanks to hold corrosive chemicals, and the five cent coin.
The hardness or softness depends on which state the carbon is in. Carbon can be found in coal and graphite (which isn't very hard) , but it can also be found in diamonds......which are.....hard.
Low carbon steel has about 0.05% to 0.25% carbon content that is combined with iron. When compared with steel with higher carbon content, its properties are that it is relatively softer, less strong, more malleable, easy to shape, and has a higher melting point. Generally speaking the strength and hardness of steel increases with the percentage of carbon in the alloy.
The Hard Case was created in 1995.
Osmium is one-third as hard as quartz. Tool steels are one-fourth as hard as osmium. Chromium has a oxide layer harder than corundum if dry and sputtered.
the Hofner HCT5001 comes with a hard case.
Carbon dioxide is a colorless gas at room temperature and pressure. It is not hard in the traditional sense of the word.