This is because,
1) Inter electronic repulsions between electron pairs present in the outermost orbit.
2) In 18th group elements vanderwaal's radius is considered.
The atomic numbers of the elements down a group increase. this means, more electrons. More electrons mean more shells. More shells mean larger radius. Larger radius is nothing but larger size. Thus, the number of electrons or shells is the reason why the size of the atom of elements increase down the group.
Elements with high electronegativity and small size, such as oxygen and fluorine, can react with larger elements in the group with a lower electronegativity. This is because the smaller, more electronegative atoms can "pull" electrons away from the larger atoms, leading to chemical reactions.
In the periodic table, elements that are relatively larger in size appear in the bottom left corner. This is because the size of an atom increases as you move down a group due to the addition of energy levels.
The ionic size of elements in a group increases as you move from top to bottom. This is because the number of electron shells increases, resulting in greater distance between the nucleus and the outermost electrons, making the ions larger.
They have the smallest nuclear charge of that period so there is less attraction for the electron allowing a larger orbital radius (larger size).
The size of halogens or the group 17 elements is small.
Ionic size increases from top to bottom within the group.
Francium (Fr) has the largest atom among the group 1A elements. It has the highest atomic number and electron shells, resulting in a larger atomic size compared to other group 1A elements such as lithium, sodium, and potassium.
Hydrogen is smaller in size compared to other elements in Group 1 because it has only one electron and a smaller atomic radius than the rest of the elements in that group.
Atomic size decreases as one moves from bottom to top in a group. The elements get smaller because they have less stuff in them.
Atomic size decreases as one moves from bottom to top in a group. The elements get smaller because they have less stuff in them.
Barium (Ba) is larger than Beryllium (Be) because as you move down a group on the periodic table, the atomic size increases. Barium is in a lower group than Beryllium and therefore has a larger atomic size.