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2 of these valves (one on each side) stop blood from flowing back into the atria chambers of the heart when the heart is contracting and expelling blood.

The other two are there to stop blood flowing out of the ventricles when the heart is filling up with blood. One stops blood flowing through the aorta to supply the body and the other stops it flowing through the pulmonary artery to the lungs.

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Q: Why are there four valves in the heart?
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