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Why voltage dips at the starting of induction motor?

Updated: 8/20/2019
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12y ago

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When an induction motor starts up, it draws a large current, 6-8 times for direct on line starting and around 3 times for star delta or soft starting. This results in the voltage dipping. VSD controlled induction motors which start from zero speed do not result in voltage dips.

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Q: Why voltage dips at the starting of induction motor?
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Why a motor starts in star and runs in delta?

This configuration is used to reduce the starting current. Utility companies do not like large motor loads starting across the line. It dips the voltage level of the line. By reducing the starting current to a lower level also reduces the voltage dip in the supply lines.


Could over-current be caused by low voltage?

No, not directly. The supply voltage has to rise or the resistance has to fall to get over-current. If there was a secondary control voltage that was part of a voltage control circuit for a higher voltage, it is conceivable that a voltage drop in control circuit could cause an over-voltage in the supply. Motors are constant power devices, so this could be true for a motor. If you have a 1hp motor (loaded at 1hp), it will want to draw 1hp of power no matter the supply voltage. If the voltage dips, the motor will require more current to keep it spinning at it's normal speed.


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