for libel
He was put on trial for Libel.
John Peter Zenger criticized Governor William Cosby but was found not guilty.
The Sanhedrin
"shoplifting murder car theft shoes" This is not the answer to the question. The answer is he wrote in the newspaper about Governor Cosby and the Governor thought it was fake but it was real about him. The governor didn't like it so he got thrown in jail
he was put in jail for publishing stories in the New York Weekly Journal. The stories accused New York's royal Governor, William Cosby, of being dishonest.
John Scopes
I assume you mean the trial in 1925 Tennessee that had John Scopes as the defendant for teaching evolution in violation of the law at that time.
British troops were put on trial. John Adams was their lawyer. They were found not guilty.
Adolf Hitler was put on trial for treason in 1924.
John 21:7 - Therefore that disciple whom Jesus loved said to Peter, "It is the Lord!" Now when Simon Peter heard that it was the Lord, he put on his outer garment (for he had removed it), and plunged into the sea.[NKJV]
They got John Scopes to break the Butler Law and be arrested so they could put him on trial.
The Scopes Monkey trial pertained to a high school teacher teaching Darwin's theory of evolution in defiance of the law that prohibited that.